Characteristics of Grain Yield and Nutrient Accumulation for Spring Maize Under Different Agronomic Management Practices |
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| Authors: | JingChao YUAN JianZhao LIU Yao LIANG WenJie ZHAN HongXi ZHANG ZiHao ZENG HongGuang CAI Jun REN |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-Environment in Northeast Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Changchun 130033;2. Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118 |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 This research aimed to investigate the characteristics of grain yield, nutrient accumulation and transport of spring maize before and after flowering under different agronomic management practices, so as to provide theoretical and technical support for high yield and efficient production of spring maize. 【Method】 The field experiment was conducted from 2009 to 2012 in Gongzhuling of Jilin province. The hybrid “Xianyu335” was used as research material. During three consecutive years, five different agronomic management practices (CK, FP, Opt-1, Opt-2, and Opt-3) were set under the field conditions. The characteristics of dry matter accumulation, nutrient absorbing and transport were monitored before and after flowering of spring maize. The influence of grain yield was studied under different agronomic management practices. 【Result】 Reasonable densification, nutrient management and deep scarification were the key measures for high yield of spring maize. The result indicated Opt-3 was optimal under five different agronomic management practices. Compared with FP, the grain yield and dry matter accumulation of Opt-3 increased 13.9% and 22.4%, respectively. The number of maize ears in harvest stage contributed yield mostly, and the yield under Opt-3 was 34.3% higher than that under FP. Under the condition of same amount of fertilizer input between Opt-3 and FP, N, P and K accumulation of Opt-3 increased by 9.5%, 28.1% and 23.9% than that of FP, respectively. N, P and K translocation rate of Opt-3 increased by 47.7%, 21.7% and 45.0%, respectively. Partial productivity of N, P fertilizer increased by 14.0% and 4.4%, respectively. Compared with Opt-1, the grain yield of Opt-3 was further augmented by increasing planting density. When planting density was increased by 10 000 plant/hm 2, the grain yield increased 56-346 kg·hm -2. Compared with Opt-2, the efficiency of Opt-3 was improved through further optimization of fertilizer, and ANUE of Opt-3 increased 29.5%. Through fertilizer cost accounting, compared with FP, Opt-3 increased income by 2 218 yuan/hm 2. Compared with Opt-1, Opt-3 increased income by 290 yuan/hm 2. Compared with Opt-2, Opt-3 saved 367 yuan/hm 2.【Conclusion】 By reasonable densification to 70 000 plant/hm 2, optimized fertilizer (N 225 kg·hm -2-P2O5 90 kg·hm -2-K2O 90 kg·hm -2) and application period, organic fertilizer (1 500 kg·hm -2), added microelement fertilizer (150 kg·hm -2), combined with soil deep tillage, it was a relatively optimized integrated agronomic management mode, which could realize the synergistic improvement of spring maize yield and efficiency in the middle of northeast China. |
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| Keywords: | agronomic management practices spring maize grain yield nutrient accumulation and transport partial productivity |
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