Optimization Management of Water and Fertilization for Winter-Spring Cucumber Under Greenhouse Drip Irrigation Condition |
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| Authors: | RuoNan LI ShaoWen HUANG JianShuo SHI LiYing WANG JiWei TANG HuaiZhi ZHANG Shuo YUAN FengZhi ZHAI YanLi REN Li GUO |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081;2. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051 |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 This study focused on determining the appropriate soil water parameters and the potential of soil nitrogen supply at different growth stages of drip irrigated cucumber to optimize the water and fertilizer management and to guarantee the sustainable green and high yield production.【Method】 A plot experiment was conducted inside a greenhouse using cucumber as tested material during the winter-spring growing season. Drip irrigation with 3 water amounts (W1, W2 and W3) and 3 fertilizer amounts (F1, F2 and F3) were designed to form 9 combination treatments. The impacts of the irrigation and fertilization amounts on the fruit yield, qualities, nutrient uptakes, water and fertilizer use efficiencies, soil water contents and nutrient availabilities were analyzed in the study. The response relationships between the marketable yields , the root zone soil water and available nitrogen contents at different growth stages were built.【Result】 (1) Compared with W1, the total marketable yields were increased by 11.1%-12.8% under W2 and W3. The marketable yields were deceased by 10.4%-17.7% under W3 during the 1st-2nd fertigation managements, but which increased by 10.8%-26.2%, 21.2%-40.3% and 33.5%-46.4% under W2 and W3 during the 6th-8th, 10th-12th and 14th-16th fertigation managements, respectively. The rootzone (0-40 cm soil layer) soil water contents were increased by 4.2-6.4 percentage point by maintaining at the soil relative water content of 79%-87% uder W2 and W3 and the N, P2O5 and K2O uptakes by 17.9%-20.2%, 28.3%-36.3% and 25.9%-33.7%, respectively. However, the rootzone nitrate nitrogen contents were decreased by 9.1%-68.0% under W2 and W3, the water use efficiency by 31.1%-49.3%, and the fruit soluble solids, nitrate, soluble sugar and Vc contents by 7.4%-10.1%, 0.9%-5.4%, 5.9%-6.2% and 5.5%-12.8%, respectively. (2) Compared with F1, the total marketable yields were increased by 4.0%-7.9% under F2 and F3. The rootzone (0-40 cm soil layer) nitrate nitrogen contents were increased by 38.0%-162.0% under F2 and F3, and the N, P2O5 and K2O uptakes by 9.7%-13.1%, 7.9%-11.8% and 12.6%-17.3%, respectively. However, the fruit nitrate contents increased by 5.5%-14.6% under F2 and F3 and the partial factor productivities were deceased by 32.1%-47.8%. (3) From the view of whole growth period, W2F2 was recommended to drip irrigated cucumber because of the relatively higher yield, water and fertilizer use efficiencies and qualities, and lower residual soil nitrogen.【Conclusion】 For greenhouse cucumber with a target yield of 170-180 t·hm -2, the appropriate soil relative water contents were recommended as 63%, 78%, 82% and 85% during the March 21th- April 20th (the initial harvesting stage), April 21th-May 20th (the early vigorous harvesting stage), May 21th-June 20th (the vigorous harvesting stage) and June 21th-July 10th (the late harvesting stage), respectively. The corresponding low limits of soil relative water contents were recommended as 61%, 73%, 78% and 81%, respectively. The suitable rootzone nitrate nitrogen should be maintained at 25-40 mg·kg -1 during the yield formation. |
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| Keywords: | greenhouse drip irrigation winter-spring cucumber soil water content limits soil available nitrogen level optimization of water and fertilization managements |
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