| 基于表型性状构建中国花生地方品种骨干种质 |
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| 摘 要： | 中国花生地方品种遗传多样性丰富,是花生新品种选育的重要亲本来源。本研究以种质库保存的2741份地方种质为材料,基于种植区划和植物学类型分组,平方根法确定取样量,组内按13个表型数据进行UPGMA聚类分析,类内随机取样,构建骨干种质。利用t检验、F测验、卡方测验、极差、表型保留比例、表型相关性等对骨干种质代表性进行检验和评价;并利用主成分分析和直方图对骨干种质进行确认。结果表明,构建了包含259份种质的中国花生地方品种骨干种质,占全部种质的9.4%,包括多粒型14份、珍珠豆型85份、龙生型42份、普通型103份、中间型15份。在P 0.05概率条件下,骨干种质13个性状的均值、方差、变异系数、香农指数与全部种质无显著差异,且保留了全部种质的分布范围、表型保留比例和表型相关性;二者的植物学类型组成和生态分布是一致的,具有相似的遗传结构和分布频率。建立的骨干种质很好地代表了全部种质的遗传变异和群体结构,可为花生种质创新和优异等位基因发掘奠定良好的基础。
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| 收稿时间： | 2019-07-17 |
Developing the key germplasm of Chinese peanut landraces based on phenotypic traits |
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| Authors: | YAN Cai-Xia WANG Juan ZHANG Hao LI Chun-Juan SONG Xiu-Xia SUN Quan-Xi YUAN Cui-Ling ZHAO Xiao-Bo SHAN Shi-Hua |
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| Institution: | 1.Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China;2.Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Mudan District, Heze 274000, Shandong, China |
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| Abstract: | Chinese peanut landraces are important parent resources in peanut breeding due to their abundant genetic diversity. In this study, a total of 2741 original accessions from peanut seed bank were divided into 26 groups based on their botanical variety and ecological distribution. The key accessions were established based on the analysis of 13 phenotypic traits by the square root strategy, UPGMA clustering within groups and random sampling in individual clusters, and evaluated by t-test, F-test, Chi-squared test, ranging, the ratio of phenotypic retention, and phenotypic correlation analyses. Finally, the principal components analysis (PCA) and the histogram analysis were used to re-confirm the key germplasm. The total of 259 as a key germplasm was selected, accounting for 9.4% of total accessions, which included 14 of var. fastigiata, 85 of var. vulgaris, 42 of var. hirsuta, 103 of var. hypogaea and 15 of irregular type. There were no significant differences (P < 0.05) in means, variance, coefficient of variation, and Shannon-weaver diversity index for 13 phenotypic traits between key germplasm and entire collection. The key germplasm preserved the distribution range, the ratio of phenotypic retention and the phenotypic correlation of primary collection, with similar composition of botanical variety and ecological distribution. PCA and the histogram confirmed the homogeneity of genetic structure and distribution frequency between two collections. Thus, this key germplasm can represent the genetic variability and population structure of entire collection, and enhance innovation of peanut genetic resources and exploitation of elite alleles. |
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| Keywords: | peanut landrace phenotypic traits key germplasm representative evaluation |
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