Spatial and temporal dynamics in genetic diversity in upland rice and late millet (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Pennisetum glaucum</Emphasis> (L.) R. Br.) in The Gambia |
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| Authors: | Edwin Nuijten Rob van Treuren |
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| Institution: | (1) Technology and Agrarian Development group, Wageningen University, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN Wageningen, The Netherlands;(2) Centre for Genetic Resources, The Netherlands Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | Ambiguity exists about the level of genetic diversity represented by farmer crop varieties, how it develops over time and
how it relates to the diversity comprised by formal varieties. As part of an interdisciplinary technological/sociological
study on farmer management of gene flow, upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) and late millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.) from The Gambia were investigated for morphological and molecular variation. The goal of these analyses was to
obtain insight into the level of crop genetic diversity of farmer’s materials planted in several case study villages in The
Gambia. For both crops, samples were collected from villages and various research institutes. Based on variety names, different
rice and millet varieties were expected to be used in different villages. In fact, there was a large overlap in genetic diversity
for both crops, masked by the use of synonyms. The considerable similarity in rice genetic diversity between villages most
likely results from the exchange of varieties between farmers. For millet this seems the result of development of varieties
from the same gene pool. Some farmer varieties of rice, however, are apparent hybrid forms between the species O. sativa and O. glaberrima Steud., and farmer varieties in general displayed higher levels of genetic diversity than formal varieties. This indicates
that, for rice, genetic diversity develops in farmers’ fields and may have potential use in formal breeding programs. |
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| Keywords: | Genetic diversity Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L ) R Br ) Rice (Oryza sativa L ) Spatial and temporal dynamics The Gambia |
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