Amplified fragment length polymorphism as a tool for molecular characterization of almond germplasm: genetic diversity among cultivated genotypes and related wild species of almond,and its relationships with agronomic traits |
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| Authors: | Karim Sorkheh Behrouz Shiran T M Gradziel B K Epperson Pedro Martínez-Gómez E Asadi |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, P.O. Box 115, Iran;(2) Department of Pomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;(3) Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, 126 Natural Resources Building, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;(4) Department of Plant Breeding, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain;(5) Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, P.O. Box 115, Iran |
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| Abstract: | Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis is a rapid and efficient method for producing DNA fingerprints and
molecular characterization. Our objectives were to: estimate genetic similarities (GS), marker indices, and polymorphic information
contents (PICs) for AFLP markers in almond cultivars; assess the genetic diversity of almond cultivars and wild species, using
GS estimated from AFLP fingerprints and molecular characterization; and facilitate the use of markers in inter-specific introgression
and cultivar improvement. The genetic diversity of 45 almond cultivars from Iran, Europe, and America, were studied assaying
19 primer combinations. In addition, several agronomic traits were evaluated, including flowering and maturity times, self-incompatibility,
and kernel and fruit properties. Out of the 813 polymerase chain reaction fragments that were scored, 781 (96.23%) were polymorphic.
GS ranged from 0.5 to 0.96, marker indices ranged from 51.37 to 78.79, and PICs ranged from 0.56 to 0.86. Results allowed
the unique molecular identification of all assayed genotypes. However, the correlation between genetic similarity clustering
as based on AFLP and clustering for agronomic traits was low. Cluster analysis based on AFLP data clearly differentiated the
genotypes and wild species according to their origin and pedigree, whereas, cluster analysis based on agronomic data differentiated
according the pomological characterization. Our results showed the great genetic diversity of the almond cultivars and their
interest for almond breeding. |
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| Keywords: | AFLP Molecular characterization Genetic diversity Prunus dulcis |
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