| 有机物料对原生盐碱地土壤生物学性质的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 何瑞成,吴景贵.有机物料对原生盐碱地土壤生物学性质的影响[J].土壤学报,2018,55(3):774-782. |
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| 作者姓名： | 何瑞成 吴景贵 |
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| 作者单位： | 吉林农业大学,吉林农业大学 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0201801）和吉林省科技厅重大科技招标专项（20150203004NY）资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 采用连续2年大田试验方法,研究了颗粒型秸秆(KL)、正常秸秆(JG)、牧草(MC)以及羊粪(YF)4种有机物料处理对试验地微生物数量、微生物生物量碳氮、土壤呼吸强度、三种土壤酶活性以及水稻产量的影响,并分析了生物学性质与测产指标的相关性。结果表明:与不施有机物料处理(CK)对比,施用有机物料的JG、MC、YF处理均不同程度提高了微生物数量、微生物生物量碳氮含量、土壤呼吸强度、土壤酶活性以及水稻产量,但差异不明显。同种有机物料不同形态之间差异显著,颗粒秸秆效果优于正常秸秆,颗粒秸秆与CK相比,提高了39.45%的土壤细菌、50.28%放线菌、89.91%真菌数量、63.21%和46.02%的土壤微生物生物量碳氮含量,土壤呼吸强度提高46.22%,过氧化氢酶活性提高18.03%,转化酶活性提高23.22%,纤维素酶活性提高79.32%,增产130.6%。土壤微生物数量(细菌、真菌和放线菌)与千粒重、结实率、每穗总粒数和产量具有相关性,土壤微生物活性(土壤呼吸强度和微生物生物量碳氮)与有效穗数、每穗总粒数、千粒重以及产量具有相关性,土壤酶活性(过氧化氢酶、转化酶和纤维素酶)与穗长和千粒重表现出相关性。结果表明相同条件下,原生盐碱地改良前期,不同种类有机物料对原生盐碱地作用效果相似,但同种有机物料不同形态其作用效果差异显著。
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| 关 键 词： | 有机物料 颗粒秸秆 原生盐碱地 酶活性 土壤微生物 水稻产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/10/22 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/12/19 0:00:00 |
Effect of Amendment of Organic Materials on Soil Biological Property in Primary Saline Alkali Soil |
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| HE Ruicheng and WU Jinggui.Effect of Amendment of Organic Materials on Soil Biological Property in Primary Saline Alkali Soil[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2018,55(3):774-782. |
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| Authors: | HE Ruicheng and WU Jinggui |
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| Institution: | Jilin agricultural university,Jilin agricultural university |
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| Abstract: | This paper is to explore effects of amendment of organic materials on soil microbial community and rice yield in newly reclaimed paddy field of primary saline-alkali soil. To that end, a 2-year field experiment, designed to have four treatments, i.e. Treatment KL (granulated straw), Treatment JG (normal straw), Treatment MC (forage) and Treatment YF (sheep manure), was carried out to explore effects of the application of the organic materials on microbial biomass, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, soil respiration intensity, activities of three types of soil enzymes and rice yield, and relationships of rice yield with various microbial indices. Treatment JG, MC and YF increased, to a varying extent, microbial biomass, microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, activities of three types of soil enzymes in the soil, soil respiration intensity and rice yield as compared with the control group, but the differences between the treatments were not significant. However, the treatments applied with the same organic materials but in different form differed significantly in the effect. Treatment KL was higher than Treatment JG in the effect. Compared with CK), Treatment KL increased the population of soil bacteria by 39.45%, the population of soil actinomyces by 50.28% and the population of soil fungi by 89.91%, soil microbial biomass carbon by 63.21%, soil microbial biomass nitrogen by 46.02%, soil respiration intensity by 46.22%, catalase activity by 18.03%, invertase activity by 23.22%, cellulase activity by 79.32%, and rice yield by 130.58%. Populations of soil microbes (bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes) were closely related to 1 000-grain weight, seed setting rate, number of grains per ear and rice yield, soil microbial activity (soil respiration intensity, soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen) to 1000-grain weight, number of effective spikes, number of grains per spike and rice yield. Among the three types of soil enzymesactivity (catalase, cellulase and invertase) were closely related to ear length and 1 000-grain weight.Under the same conditions, in the initial stage of soil amelioration of farmlands of primary saline-alkali soil, the application of organic materials had similar effects regardless of type of the organic material, but significantly different effects when the organic materials were of the same type, but different form. |
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| Keywords: | Organic material straw particles primary saline enzyme activity soil microorganism rice yield |
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