| 单行甘薯秧蔓回收机设计与试验 |
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| 引用本文： | 郑文秀,吕钊钦,张万枝,刘正铎,鹿瑶,李玉道.单行甘薯秧蔓回收机设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2019,35(6):1-9. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郑文秀 吕钊钦 张万枝 刘正铎 鹿瑶 李玉道 |
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| 作者单位： | 山东农业大学机械与电子工程学院;山东省园艺机械与装备重点实验室 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0700705）；山东省农机装备研发创新计划项目（2017YF002）；山东省现代农业产业技术体系薯类创新团队农业机械岗位专家资助项目（SDAIT-16-10） |
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| 摘 要： | 针对目前国内甘薯秧蔓粉碎还田不能回收饲用或人工收割秧蔓劳动强度大的难题,该文设计了一种单行甘薯秧蔓回收作业机,可一次完成秧蔓喂入、切割粉碎、输送及集箱回收作业。应用Box-Behnken试验设计方法,以刀辊转速、机具前进速度、刀片离地间隙为试验因素,以秧蔓回收率、留茬长度、伤薯率为试验指标,对甘薯秧蔓回收机的工作参数进行试验研究,建立了试验指标与试验因素之间的回归模型,分析了各因素对试验指标的影响,并对试验因素进行了综合优化。最优工作参数组合为:刀辊转速2 000 r/min、机具前进速度2.5 km/h、离地间隙15 mm,秧蔓回收率为93.16%、留茬长度为33.8 mm、伤薯率为0.26%。研究结果可为甘薯秧蔓机械化回收饲用提供参考,对甘薯产业的轻简化生产、节本增效具有重要意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 农业机械 设计 试验 甘薯秧蔓 回收 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/9/18 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/3/26 0:00:00 |
Design and test of single row sweet potato vine recycling machine |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China,1. College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China;2. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Machinery and Equipment, Taian 271018, China,1. College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China,1. College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China,1. College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China and 1. College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: Sweet potato is an important raw material for food, feed, industrial, it also is a high quality anti-cancer health food and new energy material. It is widely cultivated in the world, and China is the largest producer of sweet potato in the world, the average perennial planting area of sweet potato is more than 3 million hm2, accounting for about 45% of the global planting area of sweet potato. The yield of sweet potato vine is generally more than 2×104 kg/hm2, and the sweet potato vines is rich in nutrients and is an ideal feed material. The sweet potato vines grow vigorously along the ground surface, and the vines are intertwined between the ridges, it is difficult to collect the vines mechanically. Sweet potato harvest mainly includes cleaning the vines and breaking the ridge to harvest, the treatment of vines before harvest has great influence on its harvest efficiency, labor intensity and yield. At present, the collecting mechanization of sweet potato vine in China is almost blank, which seriously restricts the development of sweet potato industry. Cleaning up the vines by hand is a labor intensive and low work efficiency work , which seriously restricts the enthusiasm of farmers in production. At present, the main problem of sweet potato vine treatment machinery at home and abroad is that the vines are crushed and scattered in the field, so the sweet potato vines cannot be collected and used as feed or energy, thus causing greater economic losses and easily aggravating the spread of diseases and insect pests. Aiming at the difficulty that the sweet potato vines can only be harvested by hand, a kind of single row sweet potato vine recycling machine matched with a small four-wheeled tractor was designed. Through theoretical analysis and experiment, the structure and working principle of the recycling machine were analyzed, and key components such as cutting device, vine picking device and feeding device were design. Using Box-Behnken experimental design method, quadratic regression models with the vine collected rate, the vine stubble height, the sweet potato injury rate as the response indexes were established. Through the analysis of model interaction and response surface, the change laws of the influence of cutter roller speed, the forward speed of machine and the ground clearance on the response indexes were obtained. The regression model was optimized by Design-Expert8.0 software, and the accuracy of the predicted results was verified by experiments. The relative error between the measured value and the predicted value was less than 5%, indicating that the model was high reliability. The order of significance of each factor on the vine collected rate was the forward speed of machine, cutter roller speed and ground clearance, the order of significance of each factor on the vine stubble height was the ground clearance, cutter roller speed and forward speed of machine, the order of significance of each factor on the sweet potato injury rate was the ground clearance, cutter roller speed and forward speed of machine. The optimal working parameters were that the cutter roller speed was 2 000 r/min, the forward speed of machine was 2.5 km/h and the ground clearance was 15 mm. Under the condition of optimum working parametersthe vine collected rate was 93.16%, the vine stubble height was 33.8 mm, and the sweet potato injury rate was 0.26%, the working effect was better. The research results are of great significance in promoting the development of light and simplified production of sweet potato industry. |
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| Keywords: | agricultural machinery design experiments sweet potato vine recycling |
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