Udder health problems and major bacterial causes of camel mastitis in Jijiga,Eastern Ethiopia: implication for impacting food security |
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| Authors: | M Abera O Abdi F Abunna B Megersa |
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| Institution: | (1) Hawassa University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Po box 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia; |
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| Abstract: | One hundred and forty-five traditionally kept lactating camels (Camelus dromederius) were examined for mastitis by combination of clinical, mastitis card test and subsequent bacteriological isolation. Clinical
and sub-clinical mastitis were prevalent in 8.3% (95%CI = 4.6, 14.4) and 20.7% (95%CI = 14.6, 28.4) of the studied animals,
respectively. This gives an overall mastitis prevalence of 29.0% (95%CI = 21.9, 37.2) at animal and 17.9% (95%CI = 14.9, 21.3)
at quarter levels. High proportion (33.8%) of lactating camels had blind teats and 5.5% had lesions on udder or teat. Taking
clinical mastitis and blocked teats into account, the study revealed that only 57.9% of the camels have four teats for milk
production. Out of the 505 quarter milk samples examined, 80 (15.8 %) quarters were positive for indicator paper. Upon subsequent
culturing, 68.8% (55 out of 80) of the quarter milk samples yielded bacteria. Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, E. coli and Bacillus species were the major isolates. Mastitis prevalence was significantly (p < 0.05) affected by tick infestations, udder lesions,
and increased age and parity of the animals. In conclusion, mastitis is a major problem in traditionally managed camels and
deserves further attention owning to its potential impact on milk production affecting food security. |
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