Development of new sources of tetraploid <Emphasis Type="Italic">Arachis</Emphasis> to broaden the genetic base of cultivated groundnut (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Arachis hypogaea</Emphasis> L.) |
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| Authors: | Nalini Mallikarjuna S Senthilvel David Hoisington |
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| Institution: | (1) International Crops Research Institute for Semi Arid Tropics, Patancheru, 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India |
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| Abstract: | Groundnut, an important crop of many countries of the world, is susceptible to a range of diseases and pests. High levels
of resistances are not available in the cultivated gene pool as the crop is said to have a narrow genetic base. Narrow genetic
base is attributed to the evolution of the crop which took place by the combination of A and B genome species, and later doubling
their chromosome number, giving rise to tetraploid cultivated groundnut. Direct utilization of cross-compatible wild relatives,
which are diploids, to broaden the genetic base and introduction of useful traits, is not a straight-forward process due to
ploidy differences between the cultivated species and wild relatives. Hence amphiploids and autotetraploids were created by
not only combining the putative genomes, but many other A and B genome species, thus producing a highly variable population
of tetraploid groundnuts also called new sources of Arachis hypogaea. This study describes the development and characterization of newly generated tetraploid groundnuts and the level of molecular
diversity as assessed by DArT markers. |
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