| 不同生育期水分亏缺对春青稞水分利用和产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 时学双,李法虎,闫宝莹,何东,普布多吉,曲珍.不同生育期水分亏缺对春青稞水分利用和产量的影响[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(10):144-151,265. |
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| 作者姓名： | 时学双 李法虎 闫宝莹 何东 普布多吉 曲珍 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业大学;西藏拉孜县水利水电局,中国农业大学,西藏自治区日喀则地区农业科学研究所,西藏自治区日喀则地区农业科学研究所,西藏自治区日喀则地区农业科学研究所,西藏自治区日喀则地区农业科学研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 公益性行业（农业）科研专项资助项目（201203077-03-04） |
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| 摘 要： | 对不同生育期水分亏缺程度对春青稞(Hordeum vulgare)水分利用效率和产量的影响进行了桶栽试验研究。试验处理设充分灌溉处理(2个水分控制下限和秸秆覆盖)以及在全生育期和5个不同生育期的4个水分亏缺程度(轻度、中度、重度和极度)处理,共27个处理。结果表明,在充分灌溉条件下,75%田间持水率水分下限控制处理的春青稞收获指数、籽粒产量和作物水分利用效率大于80%水分处理;秸秆覆盖处理的籽粒产量和水分利用效率在所有试验处理中最大。在全生育期水分亏缺条件下,春青稞籽粒产量均小于充分灌溉处理,且随着水分亏缺程度的增大而显著减小;轻度至重度水分亏缺处理可获得更大的作物收获指数和水分利用效率,但极度水分亏缺却导致最低的籽粒产量、收获指数和水分利用效率。除成熟期水分亏缺处理外,不同生育期水分亏缺处理条件下,春青稞籽粒产量和作物水分利用效率基本随着水分亏缺程度的增大而减小;拔节期、分蘖期和灌浆期水分亏缺对籽粒产量的不利影响较大。地表秸秆覆盖或全生育期轻度至重度水分亏缺处理可提高春青稞水分利用效率。
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| 关 键 词： | 春青稞 作物耗水量 水分亏缺程度 作物产量 作物水分利用效率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014/12/30 0:00:00 |
Effects of Water Deficit at Different Growth Stages on Water Use and Yield of Spring Highland Barley
and Yield of Spring Highland Barley |
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| Shi Xueshuang,Li Fahu,Yan Baoying,He Dong,Pubu Duoji and Qu Zhen.Effects of Water Deficit at Different Growth Stages on Water Use and Yield of Spring Highland Barley
and Yield of Spring Highland Barley[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(10):144-151,265. |
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| Authors: | Shi Xueshuang Li Fahu Yan Baoying He Dong Pubu Duoji and Qu Zhen |
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| Institution: | China Agricultural University;Lazi Water Authority, Tibet Autonomous Region,China Agricultural University,Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Rikaze District, Tibet Autonomous Region,Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Rikaze District, Tibet Autonomous Region,Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Rikaze District, Tibet Autonomous Region and Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Rikaze District, Tibet Autonomous Region |
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| Abstract: | Highland barley is the main food crop in high altitude cold region of Tibet. Effects of water deficit levels at different growth stages on the water use efficiency and yield of spring highland barley (Hordeum vulgare) were studied by barrel cultivated experiments. Experimental treatments included full irrigation treatment (two controlled lower limits on soil moisture content and straw mulching) as well as four water deficit levels (mild, moderate, severe and extreme deficits) in the whole growth period and five different growth stages, respectively, and the total treatments were 27. Experimental results showed that the harvest index, grain yield and water use efficiency of spring highland barley in the treatment with the water controlled lower limit of 75% of field capacity (FC) were greater than those of 80% FC treatment, and straw mulching treatment resulted in the largest grain yield and crop water use efficiency in all experimental treatments under full irrigation condition. Under the condition of various water deficit levels in the whole growth period, the grain yield of spring highland barley was smaller than that of full irrigation treatment, and it was decreased significantly with the increase of water deficit level. Water deficit from mild to severe levels obtained larger harvest index and crop water use efficiency, but extreme deficiency on water supply resulted in the lowest grain yield, harvest index and crop water use efficiency under various water deficit treatments in the whole growth period. The grain yield and crop water use efficiency under water deficit treatments at different growth stages of spring highland barley were basically decreased with the increase of water deficit level except the treatment with water deficit at ripening stage, and the effect of water deficit at jointing, tillering and filling stages on grain yield was greater than that at other growth stages. Straw mulching or water deficit with mild to severe levels in the whole growth period of spring highland barley can improve crop water use efficiency, and their effects in practice are deserved to be paid more attentions. |
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| Keywords: | Spring highland barley Crop water consumption Water deficit level Crop yield Crop water use efficiency |
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