| 小麦灌浆期同化产物的运转分配及高矮秆品种差异的研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 郝晓玲.小麦灌浆期同化产物的运转分配及高矮秆品种差异的研究[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版),1985(1). |
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| 作者姓名： | 郝晓玲 |
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| 摘 要： | 本试验利用放射性核素~(14)C及~(32)P研究了小麦不同秆高品种,在生育后期同化物质的运转与分配的差异,对矮秆品种灌浆不良、易青枯早衰的原因进行了探讨。试验结果表明,从灌浆初期至成熟,籽粒中放射性产物分配率迅速增加,11个品种平均,由32.5％增至77.8％,茎鞘各层则大幅度降低。此时的功能器官旗叶与倒二叶,存在着输送方向上的分工,旗叶同化产物70—80％运往穗部,其余运往植株上部茎鞘叶,而倒二叶却有50％同化产物供应植株上部及中部茎鞘叶,其余供应下部茎鞘叶及穗,约各占25％左右。生育后期茎鞘中贮存性干物质,亦呈现着向穗部的再输出,约占籽粒干重增长量的30—50％,不同品种间输出率有较大差异,变幅20—80％。矮秆品种功能器官的作用并不逊于高秆品种,其倒二叶同化物质对穗的贡献较高秆品种为高,但同时向茎鞘的分配率降低了30％,因而不利于维持生育后期植株中下部营养器官的代谢与功能,表现了矮秆品种易青枯早衰、茎鞘干物质向穗部的输出率仅为高秆品种的一半左右。
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A STUDY OF THE VARIATIONS OF DISTRIBUTION OF ASSIMILATION PRODUCTS OF WHEAT VARIETIES DIFFERING IN PLANT HEIGHTS,DURING LATE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT |
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| Abstract: | Variations of the distribution of assimilation products of wheat varieties of different plant hights were studied with isotopes ~(14)c and ~(32)p during late stages of development. The causes of poor filling of grains and generally early senescence of dwarf varieties were discussed. Results show that the rate of distribution of radiant products in the seeds is increased obviously from the flowering stage to the time of muture. The average rate of 11 varieties is changed from 32.5％ to 77.80％. Conversely, those of the stem-sheath are decreased heavily. There is existing a division of labor of distributing of the products up and down between the flag-leaf and the second leaf from top, 70-80％ of the assimilation products of flag leaves are transported to the heads and the rest to the upper stem-sheeth-leaves. while within the second leaf from the top, 50％ of the assimilation products are transported to the middle and 25％ to the lowers part of the plant, with only 25％ to the head approximately. The contributions functional organs of dwarf varieties is no less important than the tall varieties. The assimilation products of dwarf varieties is higher about 30％ than tall ones, but at the sametime, its distribution to stem-sheath decreased about 30％. Thus, it is a disadvantage to the metabolism activeties of vegetative organs of middle and lower portions. As a result, dwarf varieties tend to turn green-withered and early senescence. The rate of transportation of dry matter from stem-sheath to heads of the dwarf is about half of the mid and tall varieties. |
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