|
|||||
|
|
| 气候和土地利用变化对松华坝流域水资源的相对作用研究 | |
| 引用本文： | 李云驹,潘剑君,许建初,苏宇芳.气候和土地利用变化对松华坝流域水资源的相对作用研究[J].南京农业大学学报,2012,35(1):80-86. |
| 作者姓名： | 李云驹 潘剑君 许建初 苏宇芳 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京210095;中国科学院昆明植物研究所,云南昆明650204 2. 南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京,210095 3. 中国科学院昆明植物研究所,云南昆明650204;山地生态系统研究中心,云南昆明650204; 4. 山地生态系统研究中心,云南昆明650204;云南省社会科学院,云南昆明650032 |
| 基金项目： | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所知识创新工程项目 |
| 摘 要： | 以云南省滇池松华坝流域为研究对象,利用分布式水文模型(SWAT)探讨了气候和土地利用变化对河道径流和总氮的影响及对水资源变化的相对作用,模拟分析了气候变化背景下两者相对作用程度的变化。结果表明:气候是流域内河道径流变化的主要原因,贡献率为63.1%～96.6%。土地利用对河道径流变化的影响整体上偏小,但是差异较大;在降雨减少或不变时土地利用的贡献率为12.2%～36.9%,在降雨增加时贡献率为3.4%～5.2%。从土地利用类型的变化来看,耕地减少和草地增加可增加河道径流量,反之则减少。气候和土地利用变化都是影响水体总氮变化的主要原因,贡献率分别为68.2%和68.5%,而两者对水体总氮的影响在不同时期差异较大。当总氮数量变化较大,或者减少量超过40%时,土地利用的贡献率比较大,而当总氮负荷增加或者减少幅度较小时,气候的贡献率比较大。土地利用类型和总氮变化量之间的相关性分析表明,耕地面积与总氮变化显著正相关(r=0.814),草地面积与总氮变化显著负相关(r=-0.895),而林地面积与总氮变化相关性不显著。 |
| 关 键 词： | 土地利用 气候变化 水资源 松华坝流域 |
Relative impacts of climate and land use changes on water resource in Songhuaba watershed |
|
| LI Yun-ju , PAN Jian-jun , XU Jian-chu , SU Yu-fang.Relative impacts of climate and land use changes on water resource in Songhuaba watershed[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University,2012,35(1):80-86. | |
| Authors: | LI Yun-ju PAN Jian-jun XU Jian-chu SU Yu-fang |
| Institution: | 3,4(1.College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;2.Kunming Institute of Botany,3.Centre for Mountain Ecosystem Studies,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650204,China; 4.Yunnan Academy of Social Sciences,Kunming 650032,China) |
| Abstract: | In Songhuaba watershed(a vital part of Dianchi,the largest freshwater lake in Yunnan Province),the relative contribution of climate changes and land use to changes in water resource were studied.Effects of climate changes and land use on streamflow and total nitrogen load in Songhuaba watershed were analyzed by soil and water assessment tool(SWAT),a distributed hydrologic model.Particularly,the relative impacts of climate and land use changes on water resource under simulated climatic conditions were studied.Results showed that climate change was the most important factor influencing streamflow in Songhuaba watershed,accounting for 63.1%-96.6% of the total value.Land use had little impact on streamflow as a whole,but great variations were detected under different conditions.When rainfall decreased or remained stable,the contribution of land use impact on streamflow was 12.2%-36.9%.However,the contribution of land use was only 3.4%-5.2% when rainfall increased.In terms of land use types,decrease in cropland or increase in grassland led to an increase in streamflow,while increase in cropland or decrease in grassland was associated with a decrease in streamflow.Both climate changes and land use were key factors influencing total nitrogen load in Songhuaba watershed,contributing 68.2% and 68.5%,respectively.However,the results showed that rainfall had no significant influence on total nitrogen load.The relative contribution of land use and climate changes to nitrogen load varied under different circumstances.Land use had a higher determination coefficient on total nitrogen when a dramatic change happened in the total nitrogen value(changes above 40.0%),otherwise climate changes had a higher determination coefficient.Based on the correlation analysis between land use and total nitrogen load,cropland area had a significant positive correlation(r=0.814)with total nitrogen load,while grassland had a significant negative correlation(r=-0.895)with total nitrogen load in the water.No obvious correlation between forest area and total nitrogen load was found. |
| Keywords: | land use climate change water resource Songhuaba watershed |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 万方数据 等数据库收录！ | |