| 有机肥配施生物炭对设施番茄产量、品质及土壤养分和重金属累积的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 张红娟,陈梦华,何珊珊,许 多,孙慧敏.有机肥配施生物炭对设施番茄产量、品质及土壤养分和重金属累积的影响[J].西北农业学报,2023(12):1978-1986. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张红娟 陈梦华 何珊珊 许 多 孙慧敏 |
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| 作者单位： | （1.杨凌职业技术学院 生物工程分院，陕西杨凌 712100；2.西北农林科技大学 资源与环境学院，陕西杨凌 712100） |
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| 基金项目： | 十三五国家重点研发计划（2018YFD0800401）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了解不同添加量下有机肥配施生物炭对设施蔬菜品质、产量及氮、磷、重金属在土壤中迁移累积的影响。以设施番茄为试验对象，设5个处理：CK（1 500 kg·hm-2生物炭）、T1（1 500 kg·hm-2生物炭+ 7 500 kg·hm-2鸡粪肥）、T2（1 500 kg·hm-2生物炭+15 000 kg·hm-2鸡粪肥）、T3（1 500 kg·hm-2生物炭+22 500 kg·hm-2鸡粪肥）、T4（1 500 kg·hm-2生物炭+30 000 kg·hm-2鸡粪肥），测定番茄产量，可溶性糖、维生素C、硝酸盐、可滴定酸含量及土壤样品中的硝态氮、速效磷、全Cu和Pb含量。结果发现：相对于CK，T2的番茄产量增加49.31%，可溶性糖和维生素C含量达2.275 mg·kg-1和0.219 mg·kg-1，表明T2处理能够提高番茄产量和品质；同时，T2处理降低土壤中0~100 cm土层硝态氮、速效磷以及0~30 cm土层重金属Cu和Pb的累积及迁移；T1、T3和T4加重土壤中氮磷及重金属的累积与迁移。表明设施蔬菜种植过程中有机肥与生物炭的合理配施可以减少有机肥的氮磷和重金属的污染，提高设施菜地土壤质量，保证蔬菜食品安全性。
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| 关 键 词： | 设施番茄 鸡粪肥 生物炭 硝态氮 速效磷 重金属 |
Effects of Organic Fertilizer Combined with Biochar on Yield,Quality, Soil Nutrients and Heavy Metals in Facility Tomato |
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| ZHANG Hongjuan,CHEN Menghu,HE Shanshan,XU Duo and SUN Huimin.Effects of Organic Fertilizer Combined with Biochar on Yield,Quality, Soil Nutrients and Heavy Metals in Facility Tomato[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2023(12):1978-1986. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Hongjuan CHEN Menghu HE Shanshan XU Duo and SUN Huimin |
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| Abstract: | This study investigated the effects of different amounts of organic fertilizer combined with biochar on the quality and yield of greenhouse vegetables,as well as the accumulation and migration of soil nutrients and heavy metals in the soil profile. The greenhouse tomatoes were used as objective,five treatments were set up. These treatments consisted of CK (1 500 kg·hm-2 biochar+7 500 kg·hm-2 chicken manure),T1 (1 500 kg·hm-2 biochar + 15 000 kg·hm-2 chicken manure),T2 (1 500 kg·hm-2 biochar + 15 000 kg·hm-2 chicken manure) T3 (1 500 kg·hm-2 biochar + 22 500 kg·hm-2 chicken manure) and T4 (1 500 kg·hm-2 biochar + 30 000 kg·hm-2 chicken manure).The yield of soluble sugar,vitamin C,nitrate,and titratable acid,as well as the levels of nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus,total copper (Cu),and lead (Pb) in the soil were determined.The results showed that compared with CK treatment,the contents of soluble sugar and vitamin C in tomato under recommended fertilization treatment (T2) reached 2.275 and 0.219 mg·kg-1,and the yield increased by 49.31%,showing that T2 treatment improved the yield and quality of tomato; while T2 treatment also reduced the accumulation and migration of nitrate nitrogen and available phosphorus at 0-100 cm soil layer and heavy metals Cu and Pb at 0-30 cm soil layer; T1,T3 and T4 increased the accumulation and migration of soil nitrogen,phosphorus and heavy metals. In conclusion,the appropriate application of organic fertilizer and biochar during protected vegetable cultivation can mitigate the pollution of nitrogen,phosphorus and heavy metals. In addition,it improves the soil quality of protected vegetable fields and ensures the safety of vegetable food production. |
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| Keywords: | Facility tomato Chicken manure Biochar Nitrate nitrogen Available phosphorus Heavy metal |
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