| 饲料中间隔添加壳寡糖对仿刺参生长、非特异性免疫和抗病力的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 李肖凡,王荣月,黄冲,汤金伟,刘娟,黎睿君.饲料中间隔添加壳寡糖对仿刺参生长、非特异性免疫和抗病力的影响[J].水产学报,2024,48(4). |
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| 作者姓名： | 李肖凡 王荣月 黄冲 汤金伟 刘娟 黎睿君 |
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| 作者单位： | 大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,大连海洋大学水产与生命学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 辽宁省教育厅高等学校基本科研面上项目(LJKZ0916) |
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| 摘 要： | 壳寡糖是良好的免疫增强剂,但在水生动物的应用还十分有限。本研究通过间隔投喂方式研究壳寡糖对仿刺参生长性能、非特异性免疫能力、消化能力、组织学和抗病力的影响。实验挑选体质量(18.51 ± 0.28)g仿刺参,对照组饲喂基础饲料,实验组以3天1次的饲喂频率饲喂含0.5%的壳寡糖饲料,其余时间饲喂基础饲料,进行8周的养殖试验后,测定该饲喂方式下仿刺参的生长性能、非特异性免疫能力、肠道消化酶、肠道和呼吸树组织学以及对灿烂弧菌的抗病力。结果显示,3天1次的饲喂频率下,仿刺参特定生长率和存活率几乎未受影响,但显著提高了脏壁比和肠壁比(P < 0.05)；在免疫指标方面,显著提高了仿刺参体腔细胞的吞噬活性和呼吸爆发能力(P < 0.05),以及体腔细胞和肠道的酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、溶菌酶(LZM)和总一氧化氮合酶(T-NOS)的活性(P < 0.05),其中肠道AKP和LZM活性分别提高了70.06%和156%,且acp、akp、lzm基因表达量显著提高(P < 0.05),其中肠道akp和lzm基因表达量分别提高了13.47%和22.36%；抗氧化指标结果显示,显著提高了仿刺参体腔细胞过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性(P < 0.05),而体腔细胞和肠道的丙二醛(MDA)含量无显著差异(P > 0.05)；组织学结果显示,该饲喂频率显著提高了前肠肌肉层厚度和浆膜层厚度,中肠和后肠的皱襞高度和宽度；灿烂弧菌(Vibrio splendidus)攻毒结果显示,实验组仿刺参的相对保护率达到66.67%。综上,3天1次的饲喂频率能够一定程度上提高仿刺参的生长性能,非特异性免疫酶活性,明显改善肠道结构,研究结果可为壳寡糖对仿刺参作用机制的研究及投喂频率的确定提供数据支撑和理论依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 仿刺参 壳寡糖 饲喂频率 免疫酶 抗氧化 组织学 |
| 收稿时间： | 2023/10/24 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2023/11/29 0:00:00 |
Effects of feeding frequency with chitosan oligosaccharide once every 3 days on growth, non-specific immunity activities and disease resistance of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus |
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| LI Xiaofan,WANG Rongyue,HUANG Chong,TANG Jinwei,LIU Juan and LI Ruijun.Effects of feeding frequency with chitosan oligosaccharide once every 3 days on growth, non-specific immunity activities and disease resistance of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2024,48(4). |
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| Authors: | LI Xiaofan WANG Rongyue HUANG Chong TANG Jinwei LIU Juan and LI Ruijun |
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| Institution: | College of Fish and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,College of Fish and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,College of Fish and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,College of Fish and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,College of Fish and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,College of Fish and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University |
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| Abstract: | Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is a potent immunopotentiator, but rarely used in aquaculture. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of feeding frequency with COS once every 3 days on growth, non-specific immune indices, digestive enzyme activities, histological and disease resistance of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. Sea cucumbers (mean body weight 18.51 ± 0.28 g) were first fed for 8 weeks by two groups (control group, sea cucumbers were fed with basal diet; treatment group, sea cucumbers were first fed with basal diet added 0.5% COS for 1 day and then fed with basal diet for 2 days). Growth performance, non-specific immune enzyme activities, intestinal enzyme activities, the structure of the respiratory tree, intestines and immune response were measured to investigate the effects of feeding frequency with COS once every 3 days of sea cucumber A. japonicus. The results indicated that no significant difference was observed in the specific growth rate (SGR) and survival rate (SR) among two groups (P > 0.05), but treatment group had significantly higher ratio of visceral weight to body wall weight (VBR) and ratio of intestine weight to body wall weight (IBR) (P < 0.05). Phagocytic activity and respiratory outburst of coelomocytes in treatment group were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.05). The activities of enzymes such as acid phosphatase (ACP), falkaline phosphatase (AKP), lysozyme (LZM) and total nitric oxide synthase (T-NOS) of coelomocytes and intestine in treatment group increased significantly (P < 0.05) and the activities of AKP and LZM of intestine in treatment group increased by 0.70-fold and 1.56-fold, respectively. The relative expression level of acp gene, akp gene, lzm gene (P < 0.05) of intestine in treatment group were significatly higher than that in control group and the relative expression level of akp gene and lzm gene of intestine in treatment group increased by 0.13-fold and 0.22-fold, respectively. The activity of catalase (CAT) of coelomocytes in treatment group was significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.05), but the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) of coelomocytes and intestine had no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Compared with the control group, the muscularis and serosa in foregut, fold height and fold width in midgut and hindgut were significantly increased in treatment group (P < 0.05). We found that after the infection with Vibrio splendidus, the survival rate of the sea cucumber A. japonicus increased. Above all, the feeding frequency with COS once every 3 days will be suggested to promote the growth performance, non-specific immunity and immune response of the sea cucumber, and provides theoretical support for follow-up research. |
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| Keywords: | Apostichopus japonicus Chitosan oligosaccharide Feeding frequency Immunoenzyme Antioxidant capacity Intestine |
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