| 不同铵态氮配比对番茄生长及铵同化能力的影响 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 荀志丽,高菁菁,李亚灵,温祥珍.不同铵态氮配比对番茄生长及铵同化能力的影响[J].北方园艺,2022(3):9-17. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 荀志丽 高菁菁 李亚灵 温祥珍 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太谷030801;山西农业大学果树研究所,山西太原030032,山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太谷030801 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 山西省自然科学基金资助项目(201801D121239)；;山西省重点研发计划资助项目(201803D221001-1)； |
| |
| 摘 要： | 以"魁冠宏丰"番茄为试材,采用珍珠岩/蛭石(V/V 2∶1)栽培方式,在总氮水平15 mmol·L-1下,设置铵态氮+硝态氮0 mmol·L-1+15 mmol·L-1(A0N15,对照)、5 mmol·L-1+10 mmol·L-1(A5N10)、7.5 mmol·L-1+7.5 mmol·L-1(A7.5N7.5)、10 mmol·L-1+5 mmol·L-1(A10N5)、15 mmol·L-1+0 mmol·L-1(A15N0)处理,研究了同一氮水平下,不同铵态氮和硝态氮配比对番茄幼苗生长和铵同化的影响,以期为提高番茄铵同化能力提供参考依据。结果表明:植株的总干质量在A5N10、A7.5N7.5处理较对照增加了27%、20%,A10N5处理与对照差异不显著,A15N0处理则降低了22%;分析发现根系和叶片中总游离氨基酸的含量随着铵态氮配比的增加而增加,增加了40%以上。参与氮代谢的谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)、谷氨酸合成酶(GOGAT)、谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)活性在根系中均显著高于对照;同时谷氨酰胺(Gln)、谷氨酸(Glu)含量随着铵态氮配比的增加不断增加,但A10N5、A15N0处理Glu含量显著下降,同时可溶性糖、淀粉、叶绿素含量下降。营养液中铵态氮浓度达到10 mmol·L-1及以上水平时,植株生长受到抑制,一方面是叶片叶绿素减少导致碳同化受阻,影响根系的氮同化,另一方面是Glu含量减少导致氮同化受抑制,从而植物生长受到抑制,生物量降低。
|
| 关 键 词： | 铵态氮 生物量 铵同化 生长抑制 |
Effects of Different Ammonium Nitrogen Ratios on Growth and Ammonium Assimilation of Tomato |
| |
| XUN Zhili,GAO Jingjing,LI Yaling,WEN Xiangzhen.Effects of Different Ammonium Nitrogen Ratios on Growth and Ammonium Assimilation of Tomato[J].Northern Horticulture,2022(3):9-17. |
| |
| Authors: | XUN Zhili GAO Jingjing LI Yaling WEN Xiangzhen |
| |
| Institution: | (College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu,Shanxi 030801;Pomology Institute,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030032) |
| |
| Abstract: | Tomato ‘Kuiguanhongfeng’ was used as the experimental material, perlite/vermiculite(V/V 2∶1) was used as the matrix, and ammonium nitrogen(0 mmol·L-1)+nitrate nitrogen(15 mmol·L-1)(A0 N15,control),5 mmol·L-1+10 mmol·L-1(A5 N10),7.5 mmol·L-1+7.5 mmol·L-1(A7.5 N7.5),10 mmol·L-1+5 mmol·L-1(A10 N5),15 mmol·L-1+0 mmol·L-1(A15 N0),were designed.The aim of the study to explore the effect of different ratios from ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen on growth and ammonium assimilation of tomato under the same nitrogen level, in order to provide a reference for realizing the high efficiency ammonium assimilation.The results showed that compared with the control, the total dry weight were increased by 27% and 20% in A5 N10 and A7.5 N7.5 treatment, was no significant difference in A10 N5 treatment, but was decreased by 22% in A15 N0 treatment.It was found that the content of total free amino acids in roots and leaves were increased by more than 40% with the increase of ammonium nitrogen ratio.The activities of glutamine synthetase(GS),glutamate synthetase(GOGAT) and glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH) involved in nitrogen metabolism in roots were significantly higher than those in control.At the same time, the contents of glutamine(Gln) and glutamic acid(Glu) were increased with the increase of ammonium nitrogen ratio, but the contents of Glu were decreased significantly with the treatment of A10 N5 and A15 N0,and the contents of soluble sugar, starch and chlorophyll were decreased.It was concluded that when the concentration of ammonium nitrogen in nutrient solution reached 10 mmol·L-1or above, the plant growth was inhibited, which may be due to the insufficient carbon assimilation caused by the decreased of chlorophyll content in leaves, which due to the inhibition of nitrogen assimilation caused by the decrease of Glu content, which inhibited the plant growth and reduced the biomass. |
| |
| Keywords: | ammonium nitrogen biomass ammonium assimilation growth inhibition |
| 本文献已被 维普 万方数据 等数据库收录！ |
|
