| 北京市丰台区美国白蛾发生特点与防治技术研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘晓燕.北京市丰台区美国白蛾发生特点与防治技术研究[J].安徽农学通报,2011,17(24):85-89. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘晓燕 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京市丰台区园林绿化局林业工作站,北京,100071 |
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| 摘 要： | 美国白蛾Hyphantria cunea （Drury）属鳞翅目（Lepidoptera）灯蛾科（Arctiidae），是一种危害性极大的国际性植物检疫害虫。在北京市丰台区首次发现是2006年6月，发现地点位于南三环路旁，发现虫体为幼虫。2006-2010年，对美国白蛾在丰台区的发生规律、寄主植物、传播扩散、危害情况和防控技术进行了研究。美国白蛾在丰台区每年发生3代，在危害的树木周围枯枝落叶和土缝中化蛹越冬；6月上旬、8月上旬和9月上中旬是幼虫危害的主要时期，也是防治的关键时期。发现美国白蛾危害的植物35种，其中法桐、臭椿、桑树、榆树和白蜡受害最重。发现美国白蛾幼虫极易随人类活动进行远距离传播，通过布设45041诱捕器的监测，2010年在丰台区共发现疫点123个。行之有效的防治技术包括：（1）加强检疫控制人为传播；（2）剪除初龄幼虫群居网幕；（3）10月上旬于老熟幼虫下树前在树干距地面1m处集中消灭；（4）老熟幼虫期释放寄生性天敌周氏啮小蜂，寄生率可达55％；（5）树冠喷洒灭幼脲Ⅲ号、杀铃脲、除虫脲和高溴氯氰菊酯等杀灭幼虫，防治效果可达98％；（6）大范围发生区的飞机防治。2008-2010年受害林木逐年减少，分别为2567株、1428株和987株，防治效果明显。
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| 关 键 词： | 美国白蛾 发生特点 防治技术 丰台区 |
Occurrence Characters and Control Techniques of the American White Moth, Hyphantria cunea （Drury）, in Fengtai, Beijing |
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| Liu Xiaoyan.Occurrence Characters and Control Techniques of the American White Moth, Hyphantria cunea （Drury）, in Fengtai, Beijing[J].Auhui Agricultural Science Bulletin,2011,17(24):85-89. |
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| Authors: | Liu Xiaoyan |
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| Institution: | Liu Xiaoyan ( Fengtai Forestry Station, Beijing100071, China ) |
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| Abstract: | The American white moth, Hyphantria cunea （ Drury ） （ Lepidoptera： Arctiidae ） is a severe international quarantive pest.The larval of American white moth was first found in South Third Ring Road in Beijing City Fengtai in June 2006.We investigated the occurrence, hosts, dispersal, spread, damage and control methods of this pest in 2006- 2010.In Fengtai, the American white moth had three generations per year.It overwintered as pupa in the soil and litter near the damaged plants.The larval mainly affected in the first ten days of June and August also in the middle ten days of September, which were the key periods of control.Thity-five kinds of plants can be attacked by the American white moth, and chinar, ailanthus, a white mulberry, an elm tree and white wax were severely affected.The larval of American white moth can spread by human beings＇ long- distance transport.In 2010, we found 123 distribution sites of this pest by placing 450 traps in Fengtai Couty.Effective control methods were as follows： （ 1 ） strengthen the quarantine limits and detection surveys; （ 2 ） wipe out the sweep where the young larval assembled; （ 3 ） concentratively kill the older larva in the tree 1 meter high from the ground before they get down; （ 4 ） Release parasitoids Chouioia eunea Yang to control old larvae; （ 5 ） Pest control can be achieved by spraying trunks against larvae with Mieyouniao No.3, Triflumuron, Diflubenzuron, Cypermethrin.The pest was reduced 98%. （6） Large-scale spraying by planes.The damaged plants were reduced consecutively in 2008-2010, respectively 2 567, 1 428 and 987 plants.Control methods had obviously effects. |
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| Keywords: | The American white moth Hyphantria cunea （ Drury ） Occurrence Control methods Fengtai |
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