Weeds as the potential inoculum source of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Colletotrichum fructicola</Emphasis> responsible for strawberry anthracnose in Nara,Japan |
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| Authors: | Yoshihiko Hirayama Shunsuke Asano Ken’o Okayama Satoshi T Ohki Motoaki Tojo |
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| Institution: | 1.Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences,Osaka Prefecture University,Sakai,Japan;2.Nara Prefecture Agricultural Research and Development Center,Sakurai,Japan;3.Agriculture and Forestry Department,Nara Prefecture Government,Nara,Japan;4.Nara Plant Protection Association,Sakurai,Japan |
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| Abstract: | Colletotrichum fructicola is a major causal agent among anthracnose pathogens of strawberry in Nara, Japan. We hypothesized that a wide range of weeds growing in and around strawberry fields are inoculum sources of the disease and investigated their potential as hosts of C. fructicola. We also examined the influence of herbicide treatment on C. fructicola sporulation on weeds. The fungus was detected on 31 of 541 (5.7%) leaves sampled from 13 weed species from 2005 to 2008. The fungus was most frequently isolated from leaves of Amaranthus blitum with an isolation frequency of 17.9%; inoculation of A. blitum with the pathogen caused brown leaf spots. Other weeds such as Digitaria ciliaris, Galinsoga ciliata, Solidago altissima, Erigeron annuus, and Sonchus oleraceus were found to harbor the fungus at lower rates (4.3–8.1%) without symptoms. C. fructicola formed acervuli on leaves of A. blitum, D. ciliaris, and S. oleraceus after plants were killed by a herbicide (glyphosate). These results demonstrated that infected weeds associated with strawberry cultivation are potential inoculum sources of C. fructicola, especially after herbicide treatment. |
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