Seroprevalence,risk factors,and clinical symptoms of Toxocara spp. infection among children 3-15 years old in northern Iran |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Pediatric Diseases, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran;2. Student Research Committee, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran;3. Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran;4. Infectious Diseases Research Center (IDRC), Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran;5. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran;6. Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran;7. Department of Parasitology & Mycology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran;1. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sanandaj Branch Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran;2. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sanandaj Branch Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran;1. Department of Virology, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt;2. Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;1. Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico/Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, CP 354, CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brasil;2. Faculdade de Medicina/Laboratório de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Rio Grande, General Osório, S/N, CEP 96200-190, Rio Grande, RS, Brasil;3. Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, CP 354, CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brasil;1. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil;2. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia, Brazil;3. Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil;4. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil;5. Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador;6. St George’s University of London, Division of Clinical Sciences, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 ORE, UK;7. Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | The World Health Organization has categorized toxocarosis as a neglected tropical disease despite its significant impact on high-risk groups such as children. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence, risk factors, and clinical symptoms of Toxocara spp. infection among children 3–15 years old in northern Iran. A total of 386 children were enrolled in the study. All serum samples were tested for the presence of IgG antibodies against Toxocara spp. infection using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Moreover, relevant risk factors and clinical symptom data were obtained using questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS software version 24. The overall seroprevalence of Toxocara spp. infection was found 2.85 % (11/386). However, Toxocara spp. infection was high for some risk factors, including eating soil (14.3 %), contacting cats (6.7 %), and consuming raw vegetables (3.7 %). However, there were no statistically significant differences regarding the risk factors and socio-demographic characteristics. Considering the clinical symptoms, Toxocara spp. infection was different in children with eosinophilia (20 %), ocular disorders (8.3 %), skin disorders (7.7 %), liver disorders (4.5 %), and stomach ache (4.2 %), although not statistically significant. The results revealed that the seroprevalence of Toxocara spp. infection was relatively low in children in northern Iran. It is suggested to conduct more studies in different parts of Iran to gain a deeper understanding of the toxocarosis seroprevalence and its status in high-risk groups such as children with asthma, hypereosinophilic syndrome, allergic skin disorders, and epilepsy. |
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| Keywords: | Toxocarosis Seroepidemiology Children Iran |
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