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| 拖拉机自动转向试验台研制 | |
| 作者姓名： | 杜娟 李敏 金诚谦 印祥 |
| 作者单位： | 山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院,山东淄博,255000 山东省旱作农业机械及信息化重点实验室,山东淄博,255000 |
| 摘 要： | 农业机械自动转向是实现农业机械自动化和智能化的关键技术之一,农田作业工况较为复杂,拖拉机自动转向装置的现场安装调试费时费力。针对这一问题,本研究研制了一种拖拉机自动转向试验台,对拖拉机自动转向装置进行模拟调试与测试以保证其控制的准确性和可靠性,从而减少田间测试时间,降低安装使用成本。本研究选用120马力拖拉机前桥,通过对机械结构、液压系统和电气控制系统的设计计算,搭建了拖拉机自动转向试验台。利用惯性测量单元对转向系统工作性能进行测试,试验结果表明方向盘平均转向间隙为16.48°,车轮平均转角延迟时间为0.14s,响应速度和稳定性符合农业机械转向要求。所研制的拖拉机自动转向试验台能够用于测试拖拉机前桥的工作状态,并对其转向性能参数进行准确采集和记录,可为农业机械自动转向装置的调试和性能检测提供一个高效可靠的测试平台。 |
| 关 键 词： | 拖拉机 自动转向 试验台 自动控制 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-03-13 |
Development of an automatic steering test bench for tractors |
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| Authors: | Du Juan Li Min Jin Chengqian Yin Xiang |
| Institution: | College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Dry Farming Machinery & Informationalization, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China |
| Abstract: | In recent years, the technology of automatic tractor navigation based on satellite positioning has greatly improved the efficiency and accuracy of tractor field work. Automatic steering contributes is one of the key technologies to realize the automation and intelligentization of agricultural mechanization. It costs much time to install and test automatic steering systems for tractors in the field due to complicated conditions. An automatic steering test bench was developed to reduce time consumed in the field by conducting simulation tests on accuracy and reliability. The developed automatic steering system can be applied to the tractor after obtaining satisfactory results on the test bench, which will greatly shorten the development cycle and improve the precision of the system. In this study, a 120-horsepower tractor front axle was selected. Through the design and calculation of mechanical structure, hydraulic system and electrical control system, the tractor automatic steering test bench was built. The mechanical body consist of a tractor front axle assembly, a loading device and a mechanical frame. The hydraulic interface was reserved for post-installation of automatic steering devices. Two inertial measurement units were used to test the steering system performance by recording the rotation angle of front wheels and the steering wheel. The steering wheel had a steering clearance of 16.48° and an average wheel delay time of 0.14s. In the general range and small angle range, there is a small deviation between the actual corner and the theoretical corner. Responsibility and stability met requirements for agricultural machinery steering. Experimental results show that the test bench has stable performance in terms of status detection, steering control and measurement analysis, which could meet requirements for verifying working parameters of automatic steering devices. The research provides an efficient and reliable test bench for commissioning and performance testing of agricultural machinery automatic steering. |
| Keywords: | tractor automatic steering test bench automatic control |
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