| 桑基鱼塘池塘子系统氮、磷污染特征及迁移转化研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 程 瑶,陈金洁,谢 湘,章昕颖,刘科学,戴 军,张 池.桑基鱼塘池塘子系统氮、磷污染特征及迁移转化研究进展[J].广东农业科学,2021,48(11):74-87. |
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| 作者姓名： | 程 瑶 陈金洁 谢 湘 章昕颖 刘科学 戴 军 张 池 |
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| 作者单位： | 广州新华学院资源与城乡规划系,广东 广州 510520;广东华南空间规划研究院,广东 广州 510630;广州新华学院资源与城乡规划系,广东 广州 510520;华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东 广州 510642 |
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| 基金项目： | 广东省教育科研项目（2020GXJK116） |
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| 摘 要： | 桑基鱼塘生态系统是一种高效的农业物质循环利用模式，蕴藏巨大价值。鱼塘子系统是桑基鱼塘生产模式中主要的经济来源和组成，其安全性和效益值得深入研究。氮、磷元素作为鱼塘子系统中的主要营养成分，可为鱼塘水产养殖提供大量的营养物质，但过剩的氮、磷元素会导致鱼塘水体富营养化等水质污染问题，造成鱼塘经济损失严重。目前有关桑基鱼塘的研究还局限于空间演变格局、经营模式评估、水陆相互作用过程与机理、投入产出效率、物质循环与能量流动等方面，而对桑基鱼塘内部营养物质的迁移转化规律缺乏全面了解。为了探究桑基鱼塘生态系统内部潜在的科学规律，对近 10 年桑基鱼塘系统研究文献进行梳理和概括，总结出鱼塘水体和底泥中氮、磷的基本特征，赋存形态、释放行为与循环特征，揭示氮、磷在水体 - 底泥界面的迁移转化机制及影响因素，这对桑基鱼塘生态系统的水体富营养化管控和科学化养殖具有重要意义，从而为桑基鱼塘的传承和保护提供参考依据和解决方案。
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| 关 键 词： | 桑基鱼塘 鱼塘子系统 氮 磷 迁移转化 生态系统 |
Research Progress of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Pollution Characteristics, Migration and Transformation in Mulberry-fish Pond Subsystem |
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| Abstract: | Mulberry-fish pond ecosystem is an efficient mode of agricultural material recycling and utilization, which contains great value. Fish pond subsystem is the main economic source and component of mulberry-fish pond production mode, and its safety and benefit are worth studying further. Nitrogen and phosphorus elements, as the main nutrients in the subsystem of fish pond, provide a lot of nutrients for fish pond aquaculture, but the excess nitrogen and phosphorus elements will lead to eutrophication of fish pond water and other water pollution problems, resulting in serious economic losses of fish pond. At present, the research on mulberry-fish pond is limited to spatial evolution pattern, evaluation of management modes, the process and mechanism of water-land interaction, input-output efficiency, material circulation and energy flow, etc., while the law of nutrient migration and transformation in mulberry-fish pond is not fully understood. In order to explore the underlying scientific law of mulberry-fish pond ecosystem, the basic characteristics, existing form, release behavior and cycling characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus in fish pond water body and sediment are summarized by combing and summarizing the research literature of mulberry-fish pond system in recent ten years, and the migration and transformation mechanism and influencing factors of nitrogen and phosphorus at the water-sediment interface are revealed, which are of great significance to the management and control of water eutrophication and scientific breeding of mulberry-fish pond ecoysytem, and thus provide reference basis and solutions for the inheritance and protection of mulberry-fish pond. |
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| Keywords: | mulberry-fish pond fish pond subsystem nitrogen phosphorus migration and transformation ecological system |
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