| 湘南石漠化地区植物群落物种多样性 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴林世,曹福祥,彭继庆,曹基武,徐永福,董旭杰,胥雯.湘南石漠化地区植物群落物种多样性[J].浙江农林大学学报,2016,33(2):239-246. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴林世 曹福祥 彭继庆 曹基武 徐永福 董旭杰 胥雯 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中南林业科技大学 生命科学与技术学院，湖南 长沙 410004 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家林业公益性行业科研专项（201104016）;中南林业科技大学研究生创新基金资助项目（CX2014B31）;湖南省研究生创新基金资助项目（CX2014B344） |
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| 摘 要： | 通过对湘南21个样地（5 000 km2）实地调查，应用重要值计算多样性指数Shannon-Wiener（H）和Simpson指数（D），Pielou均匀度指数（JSW），丰富度指数（S）等，分析湘南植物群落多样性。结果表明:①维管束植物共有63科131属173种，其中乔木15科21属24种，青冈栎Cyclobalanopsis glauca，细叶青冈C. gracilis，苦槠Castanopsis sclerophylla等为乔木层优势种；灌木层34科60属74种，牡荆Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia，六月雪Serissa japonica与花竹Bambusa albo-lineata较多；草本植物共32科54属63种，多数为禾本科Gramineae植物；层间植物共有13科22属33种，龙须藤Bauhinia championii数量最多；②多样性分析表明:湘南石漠化地区物种丰富度低，植物群落结构简单，但群落多样性较高，Simpson指数为0.796 9～0.936 1， Shannon-Wiener指数为2.104 7～3.274 6，群落物种个体分配较为均匀，群落多样性较好。潜在石漠化乔层群落物种组成最为丰富，其Simpson指数也最高，达到了0.936 1，Shannon-Wiener 指数也高达3.274 6；从群落层次分析，乔木大多数集中在潜在石漠化群落中，轻度石漠化林地乔层仅有6株乔木，其他群落样地中乔木几近忽略，可见石漠化地区是比较难以孕育高大乔木的，这与石漠化区域土壤瘠薄、保水能力差、上土下水的双层结构有密切关联；③多样性分析说明不同程度石漠化群落之间环境差异性较大，Cody指数分析表明:由轻度石漠化向重度石漠化演替速度很快。极重度石漠化群落与其他群落的共有种最少，随着石漠化程度增加，不同等级石漠化群落间的相似性系数呈现减小的趋势；不同程度石漠化群落区域间，Jaccard指数差异较大，最大为最小的7.29倍；潜在石漠化到重度石漠化程度过程中Cody指数最大，物种更替速度在持续增加，到重度石漠化，更替速度达到最大值。图1表3参25
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| 关 键 词： | 森林生态学 石漠化 群落生态 α多样性 β多样性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015-04-21 |
Plant community and species diversity in rocky desert areas of Southern Hunan |
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| WU Linshi,CAO Fuxiang,PENG Jiqing,CAO Jiwu,XU Yongfu,DONG Xujie,XU Wen.Plant community and species diversity in rocky desert areas of Southern Hunan[J].Journal of Zhejiang A&F University,2016,33(2):239-246. |
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| Authors: | WU Linshi CAO Fuxiang PENG Jiqing CAO Jiwu XU Yongfu DONG Xujie XU Wen |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China |
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| Abstract: | The diversity of plant species in 21 plots （5 000 km2） from Southern Hunan area was determined by calculating the indices of species diversity, richness, evenness, and dominance. Analysis included and diversity analyses with the Simpson （S）, Shannon-Wiener （SW）, Cody （C）, and Jaccard （J） Index. For rocky desert treatment and searching the regularities of growth and distribution of plant in rocky desert, applied with random quadrat sampling method and analysis by synthesis method. Results show there are overall presence of 63 families, 131 genera, and 173 species of vascular plants, 1） This included 15 families, 21 genera, and 24 species of trees; 34 families, 60 genera, and 74 species of shrubs; 32 families, 54 genera, and 63 species of herbs; 13 families, 22 genera, and 33 species of interlayer. 2） The shows that rocky desert area with low species richness （S = 0.796 9－0.936 1, SW = 2.104 7－3.274 6） and a simple community structure with individual species having a relatively uniform distribution but a higher community diversity. Species composition for the tree layer was greatest in the potential rocky desert area（S = 3.274 6 and SW = 0.936 1）. At the community level, most of the trees were in the potential rocky desert. 3） The showed that environmental differences between different sample plot. The C Index revealed that, form light to severe desert area has different numbers species, the similarity coefficient of different rocky desert spot decreased. The J Index of different level rocky shows the maximum is of 7.29 times to the minium. Conclusion which plants species are suitable in rocky desertification areas, contain the expansion trend of rocky desertification, improve the environment.［Ch, 1 fig. 3 tab. 25 ref.］ |
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