| 不同林下三七栽培技术研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 龚舟,罗先权,彭静,龚范武.不同林下三七栽培技术研究[J].农业科学与技术,2016(12):2818-2822. |
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| 作者姓名： | 龚舟 罗先权 彭静 龚范武 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖南省森林植物园,湖南长沙,410116 |
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| 基金项目： | 中央财政林业科技推广项目“三七林下栽培技术示范与推广”([2016]XT001号)；湖南省科技开发专项“珍贵中药材三七林下栽培关键技术研究与示范推广”(S2014F209021)。Supported by Central Financial Forestry Science and Technology Extension Project of China([2016]XT001)，Science and Technology Development Project of Hunan Province(S2014F209021) |
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| 摘 要： | 为了克服三七设施栽培成本高和栽培土地的"连作障碍"，满足市场需求，节约生产成本，提高林地的利用率，增加林农收入，保护生态环境，笔者选择核桃林、杉木林、葡萄林和猕猴桃林4种林地，采用云南文山优质三七种苗，开展林下栽培的技术研究。结果表明：不同林地种植时，核桃林地栽培的三七的高生长、冠幅、成活率和3年生块茎重量均高于其他3种林地，杉木林地优于葡萄林地和猕猴桃林地，葡萄林地冠幅和成活率高于猕猴桃林地，而高生长和块茎重量低于猕猴桃林地。因核桃为阔叶落叶树种，故三七林下规模化栽培时，宜选择阔叶落叶林地；而且林地的郁闭度应在0.8左右，利用林下阴凉环境和丰富的落叶腐殖层，节约人工、遮阴、肥料等成本，符合三七的生态习性和生长发育规律，能提高产量，获得更好的经济效益。
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| 关 键 词： | 三七 连作障碍 林地 林下栽培 |
Cultivation Techniques of Panax notoginseng F. H. Chen under Different Forests |
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| Abstract: | To overcome the issues of high cost and continuous cropping obstacles in facility cultivation of Panax notoginseng_ F. H. Chen, satisfy the market demand, save the production cost, improve the utilization rate of forest land, increase the in-come of forest farmers and protect the ecological environment, the cultivation tech-niques of high-quality P. notoginseng seedlings from Wenshan, Yunnan under four kinds of forests (walnut forest, China fir forest, grape forest and kiwi forest) were in-vestigated in this study. The results showed that the height growth, crown diameter, survival rate and 3-year-old tuber weight of P. notoginseng_under walnut forest were higher than those under the other three kinds of forests; the height growth, crown diameter, survival rate and 3-year-old tuber weight of P. notoginseng under China fir forest were higher than those under grape forest and kiwi forest; and the crown di-ameter and survival rate under grape forest were higher, and the height growth and tuber weight under grape forest were lower than those under kiwi forest. Walnut is a broad-leaved deciduous tree species, so large-scale cultivation of P. notoginseng_should be conducted under broadleaf deciduous forest with canopy density around 0.8, taking advantage of the cool environment and rich humus layer under forest. This cultivation technology could save labor, shade, fertilizer and other costs, and accord with the ecological habit and the growth rules of P. notoginseng, thus im-proving yield and achieving high economic benefit. |
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| Keywords: | P notoginseng Continuous cropping obstacles Forest land Cultivation under forest |
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