| 主干一次和二次环剥对葡萄树体营养及其分配规律的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 张永福,王定康,莫丽玲,董翠莲.主干一次和二次环剥对葡萄树体营养及其分配规律的影响[J].农业科学与技术,2016(12):2763-2768. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张永福 王定康 莫丽玲 董翠莲 |
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| 作者单位： | 昆明学院农学院,云南昆明,650214 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目(31660559)；昆明学院科学研究项目(XJZZ1604)；云南省高校优势特色重点学科(生态学)建设项目资助。Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31660559)，Scientific Research Project of Kunming University(XJZZ1604)，Key Disciplines (Ecology) Project of Yunnan Education Department |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]该研究旨在探讨主干一次和二次环剥对葡萄树体营养及其分配规律的影响。方法]以“玫瑰蜜”葡萄为试材，通过对主干进行一次和二次环剥后分析对剥痕上部的叶片、枝条和剥痕下部根系的碳氮营养、矿质营养及其分配规律的影响。结果]环剥可显著提高剥痕上部的枝叶可溶性糖和淀粉等非结构碳含量，降低可溶性蛋白质和氮素营养含量，使碳氮比显著提高,其中一次环剥后叶的碳氮比峰值为9.04,二次环剥为5.35,而同一时期对照仅为4.89。环剥不仅显著降低了根系可溶性糖和淀粉等非结构碳含量，还显著降低了可溶性蛋白质和氮素营养含量，碳氮比也有不同程度的降低,其中一次环剥后其碳氮比的最低值仅为1.16,二次环剥为3.06,而同一时期对照为3.15。对碳氮营养的影响，一次环剥显著大于二次环剥。环剥还显著降低了叶片、枝条和根系中的磷、钾、铁、铜的含量。其中二次环剥对枝条、叶片中铁、铜元素的影响较大,且第一次采样的含量差异显著,叶片中的铁含量为75.05μg/g DW,而对照为85.29μg/g DW；枝条中的铁含量为76.45μg/g DW,铜含量为7.82μg/g DW,而对照分别为95.96μg/g DW 和10.74μg/g DW。结论]该研究为树体营养调节和保障环剥技术在“玫瑰蜜”葡萄生产中安全有效的应用奠定基础。
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| 关 键 词： | 葡萄 环剥 树体 营养 分配规律 |
Effects of Primary and Secondary Trunk Girdling on the Status and Distribution Regularity of Nutrients in Grape |
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| Abstract: | Objective] The study aimed to investigate the effects of primary and sec-ondary trunk girdling on the status and distribution regularity of nutrients in grape. Method] Using grape cultivar ‘Rose Honey’ as the experimental material, the ef-fects of primary and secondary trunk girdling on carbon and nitrogen nutrition, min-eral nutrition and nutrient distribution regularity in leaves and branches above the girdling wound and roots below the girdling wound were analyzed. Result] Girdling could significantly increase non-structural carbohydrate content (such as soluble sugar and starch) in branches above the girdling wound, reduce soluble protein and total nitrogen contents, and significantly improve C/N ratio. Specifical y, the highest C/N ratio in primary girdling group and secondary girdling group was 9.04 and 5.35, respectively, but C/N ratio in control group was only 4.89 in the same period. Girdling not only significantly decreased the content of non-structural carbohydrates (such as soluble sugar and starch) in roots, but also significantly declined soluble protein and total nitrogen content, which also reduced C/N ratio in various degrees. Specifical y, the lowest C/N ratio in primary girdling group and secondary girdling group was 1.16 and 3.06, respectively, while that in control group was 3.15 in the same period. ln addition, primary girdling exerted much greater effects on carbon and nitrogen nutrition than secondary girdling. Moreover, girdling significantly de-creased the contents of phosphorus, potassium, ferrum and copper in grape leaves, branches and roots. Specifical y, primary girdling exerted greater effects on ferrum and copper contents in leaves and branches. The contents of ferrum and copper in the first batch of samples exhibited significant differences between primary girdling group and control group: ferrum content in leaves was 75.05 μg/g DW in primary girdling group and that in control group was 85.29 μg/g DW; ferrum content in branches was 76.45 ?g/g DW in primary girdling group and copper content was 7.82 μg/g DW, while ferrum and copper contents in control group were 95.96 and 10.74 μg/g DW, respectively. Conclusion] This study provided the basis for accu-rately regulating tree nutrition and ensuring safe and effective use of girdling tech-nique in ‘Rose Honey’ production. |
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| Keywords: | Grape Girdling Tree Nutrition Distribution regularity |
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