| 不同栽培措施对超级稻强、弱势粒品质的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 蒋晶晶,周天阳,韦陈华,邬佳宁,张耗,刘立军,王志琴,顾骏飞,杨建昌.不同栽培措施对超级稻强、弱势粒品质的影响[J].中国农业科学,2022,55(5):874-889. |
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| 作者姓名： | 蒋晶晶 周天阳 韦陈华 邬佳宁 张耗 刘立军 王志琴 顾骏飞 杨建昌 |
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| 作者单位： | 江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心/扬州大学农学院,江苏扬州 225009 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金（31872853）；;江苏省自然科学基金（BK20181455）；;国家重点研发计划（2017YFD0200107）； |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]探究不同栽培措施对超级稻强、弱势粒品质及淀粉特性的影响,以期为改善稻米品质即水稻强、弱势粒品质的协同提高提供理论指导和实践依据.方法]以超级稻甬优2640和武运粳24为供试材料,大田种植条件下,设置氮空白区(ON)、当地农民习惯(LFP)、优化栽培管理1(T1)和优化栽培管理2(T2)4个处理,每个处理设置3...
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| 关 键 词： | 水稻 品质 淀粉 强弱势粒 栽培措施 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-04-28 |
Effects of Crop Management Practices on Grain Quality of Superior and Inferior Spikelets of Super Rice |
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| JIANG JingJing,ZHOU TianYang,WEI ChenHua,WU JiaNing,ZHANG Hao,LIU LiJun,WANG ZhiQin,GU JunFei,YANG JianChang.Effects of Crop Management Practices on Grain Quality of Superior and Inferior Spikelets of Super Rice[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2022,55(5):874-889. |
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| Authors: | JIANG JingJing ZHOU TianYang WEI ChenHua WU JiaNing ZHANG Hao LIU LiJun WANG ZhiQin GU JunFei YANG JianChang |
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| Institution: | Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/ Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】The objective of the study was to explore the effects of crop management practices on grain quality including starch properties of superior and inferior spikelets of super rice, to provide the theoretical and practical guidance for improving rice quality, that is, the coordinated improvement of grain quality of superior and inferior spikelets. 【Method】The tested rice cultivars were super rice Y2640 and W24. There were four treatments in the field experiment, including zero nitrogen application (0N), local farmer practice (LFP), optimized cultivation 1 (T1) and optimized cultivation 2 (T2). For each treatment, there were three replicates. A split plot design was used in this experiment with crop management practices as the main plot, with variety as the split plot. In 2018, the appearance, processing, cooking and eating quality and RVA characteristics of rice were measured. In 2019, the experiments of scanning electron microscopy observation, crystallinity, infrared spectral distribution and RVA characteristics of superior and inferior grains of both varieties under different treatments were conducted. 【Result】 (1) For grain quality, compared with superior grains, inferior grains had better processing quality but worse appearance quality, protein content and hardness of inferior grains was increased, while amylose content, gel consistency viscosity and adhesiveness was decreased.(2) For starch quality, compared with superior grains, starch granules were smaller and the surface of starch granules were uneven and pitted in inferior grain, crystallinity and 1 045/1 022 cm-1 value, setback, gelatinization temperature of inferior grains were increased, while peak viscosity, hot viscosity, breakdown, final viscosity of inferior grains were decreased.(3) Compared with LFP, by optimized crop management T1 and T2, the processing and appearance qualities of superior and inferior grains in both varieties were improved, protein content and amylose were decreased, while the gel consistency was increased, eating and cooking quality of superior and inferior grains were improved. The starch quality of superior and inferior grains were also improved, the relative intensity and order of structure were decreased, when compare crop management T1 and T2 with LFP. The grain and starch quality of inferior grains was more improved than superior ones by optimized crop management practices. 【Conclusion】The quality of rice and starch of inferior grains was significantly inferior to that of superior grains. Optimized crop management practices could improve grain yield and grain quality, especially for the grain quality of inferior grains. |
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| Keywords: | rice rice quality starch superior and inferior grains crop management practices |
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