| 小麦化肥减施与不同轮作方式的周年养分平衡及经济效益分析 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 马小艳,杨瑜,黄冬琳,王朝辉,高亚军,李永刚,吕辉.小麦化肥减施与不同轮作方式的周年养分平衡及经济效益分析[J].中国农业科学,2022,55(8):1589-1603. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 马小艳 杨瑜 黄冬琳 王朝辉 高亚军 李永刚 吕辉 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1西北农林科技大学资源环境学院/农业农村部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室,陕西杨凌 7121002西北农林科技大学/旱区作物逆境生物学 国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌 7121003扶风县农业技术推广服务中心,陕西扶风 7222004凤翔县农业技术推广服务中心,陕西凤翔 721400 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划子课题（2018YFD0200404-02）；;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（2452020163）； |
| |
| 摘 要： | 目的]研究小麦化肥减量条件下不同轮作方式土壤养分平衡及经济效益差异,探索适宜陕西关中小麦玉米轮作区的小麦轮作方式,为减少化肥投入,提高农民经济收入提供思路与科学依据.方法]于2018-2020年在陕西武功镇开展田间试验,随机区组设计.设玉米-小麦轮作农户施肥(CWF)、玉米-小麦轮作推荐施肥(CWR)、绿肥-小麦轮...
|
| 关 键 词： | 化肥减施 玉米-小麦轮作 绿肥-小麦轮作 大豆-小麦轮作 养分平衡 经济效益 陕西关中 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-03-03 |
Annual Nutrients Balance and Economic Return Analysis of Wheat with Fertilizers Reduction and Different Rotations |
| |
| MA XiaoYan,YANG Yu,HUANG DongLin,WANG ZhaoHui,GAO YaJun,LI YongGang,LÜ,Hui.Annual Nutrients Balance and Economic Return Analysis of Wheat with Fertilizers Reduction and Different Rotations[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2022,55(8):1589-1603. |
| |
| Authors: | MA XiaoYan YANG Yu HUANG DongLin WANG ZhaoHui GAO YaJun LI YongGang LÜ Hui |
| |
| Abstract: | 【Objective】The present study aimed to investigate the soil nutrients balance and economic benefits of different rotations with optimal chemical fertilizer application for wheat production, with the purpose of selecting a proper rotation for wheat production with lower fertilizer application and improvement of economic return for local farmers.【Method】The field experiments with randomized block design were carried out in Wugong county from 2018 to 2020, including four treatments: maize-wheat rotation with farmer accustomed fertilization (CWF), maize-wheat rotation with recommended fertilization (CWR), green manure-wheat rotation (GWR), and soybean-wheat rotation (BWR). Except for treatment of CWF, the fertilizers of rest three treatments were calculated according to the method of soil testing and determining fertilizer recommendations (STDFR). The plants tissues and soil with different depth were sampled for nutrients analysis.【Result】Compared with CWF, with 11.8% reduction of nitrogen and 41.7% reduction of phosphorus, the CWR treatment significantly increased wheat yield, with an average increase of 7.4%, and significantly increased the nitrogen and phosphorus uptake of wheat grain and aboveground shoot, with the nitrogen increase of 10.1% and 8.9% respectively, and the phosphorus increase of 9.8% and 6.4%, respectively. CWR treatment decreased the surplus rate of soil N, P and K by 25.1%, 72.3% and 54.4%, respectively, and increased the economic benefit by 36%. Among three different rotation, CWR rotation had the highest wheat yield, followed by soybean wheat rotation and green manure wheat rotation. GWR rotation had the lowest surplus ratio of NPK among three treatment with optimal fertilizer application, which was significantly lower than that of CWR and GWR rotation, with the decrease range of 87.3%-92.0%, 41.9%-67.7%, and 78.1%-85.3%, respectively, and obtained the highest economic return.【Conclusion】Fertilization recommendation by monitoring soil nutrients techniques could not only decrease fertilizer input and production cost, but also increase wheat yield, increase nutrient uptake of wheat grain, reduce surplus rate of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient balance, and thus improve economic benefits. Compared with maize-wheat rotation, the soybean-wheat rotation not only reduced the input of chemical fertilizer, significantly reduced the surplus of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, but also achieved higher economic benefits. In conclusion, it was recommended that the fertilizers application rates should be optimized for maize-wheat rotation in Guanzhong Plain. However, taking into account of economic return and ecological benefit, the soybean-wheat rotation was prior choice for the purpose of decreasing soil nutrients surplus and enhancing the economic return of farmers. |
| |
| Keywords: | fertilizer reduction maize-wheat rotation green manure-wheat rotation soybean-wheat rotation nutrient balance economic return Guanzhong Plain Shaanxi |
|
| 点击此处可从《中国农业科学》浏览原始摘要信息 |
| 点击此处可从《中国农业科学》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
