| 香稻分蘖期减氮侧深施液体肥对产量和氮素利用的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 桂润飞,王在满,潘圣刚,张明华,唐湘如,莫钊文.香稻分蘖期减氮侧深施液体肥对产量和氮素利用的影响[J].中国农业科学,2022,55(8):1529-1545. |
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| 作者姓名： | 桂润飞 王在满 潘圣刚 张明华 唐湘如 莫钊文 |
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| 作者单位： | 1华南农业大学农学院/华南农业大学亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室/农业部华南地区作物栽培科学观测试验站/广州市丝苗香米科学与技术重点实验室,广州 5106422华南农业大学工程学院/华南农业大学南方农业机械与装备关键技术教育部重点实验室,广州 510642 |
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| 基金项目： | 广东省重点领域研发计划（2019B020221003）；;国家自然科学基金（31971843）； |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]研究液体肥分蘖期减氮侧深施用和常规全量撒施固体肥对香稻关键生育期氮素吸收利用、干物质积累和氮代谢生理影响及其与香稻产量形成的关系,以期为今后华南香稻种植区分蘖期机械化侧深施液体肥提供理论指导和依据.方法]2019-2020年连续进行2年大田试验,以华南地区种植面积较大的香稻品种玉香油占和象牙香占为供试材料,采...
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| 关 键 词： | 香稻 侧深施肥 产量 液体肥 氮素吸收利用 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-06-28 |
Effects of Nitrogen-Reducing Side Deep Application of Liquid Fertilizer at Tillering Stage on Yield and Nitrogen Utilization of Fragrant Rice |
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| GUI RunFei,WANG ZaiMan,PAN ShengGang,ZHANG MingHua,TANG XiangRu,MO ZhaoWen.Effects of Nitrogen-Reducing Side Deep Application of Liquid Fertilizer at Tillering Stage on Yield and Nitrogen Utilization of Fragrant Rice[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2022,55(8):1529-1545. |
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| Authors: | GUI RunFei WANG ZaiMan PAN ShengGang ZHANG MingHua TANG XiangRu MO ZhaoWen |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 The effects of nitrogen-reduced side depth application of liquid fertilizer at tillering stage and conventional total application of solid fertilizer on nitrogen uptake and utilization, dry matter accumulation and physiological nitrogen metabolism in key growth stages of fragrant rice and its relationship with yield formation of fragrant rice were investigated, so as to provide the theoretical basis and guidance for mechanized side deep application of liquid fertilizer at tillering stage in south China fragrant rice growing region in the future.【Method】 Field experiments were conducted for two consecutive years from 2019 to 2020, two popular fragrant rice cultivars with large planting area in South China, including Yuxiangyouzhan and Xiangyaxiangzhan, were used as the test materials, and a randomized complete block design was adopted. Four treatments were set up, including no fertilization during rice growth season (T1), total fertilization of solid fertilizer (T2, total nitrogen application rate of 150 kg N·hm-2), side depth application of liquid fertilizer with 10% nitrogen reduction at tillering stage (T3), and side depth application of liquid fertilizer with 20% nitrogen reduction at tillering stage (T4). The effects of different fertilization treatments on yield and its components, nitrogen absorption and utilization, dry matter accumulation and physiological nitrogen metabolism of fragrant rice were analyzed.【Result】 (1) In the two-year field experiments, the yield of both fragrant rice cultivars under T3 treatment was the highest, which was significantly higher than that under T1 treatment. Compared with T2 treatment, the grain yield of Yuxiangyouzhan in 2019 and 2020 under T3 treatment was increased by 1.84% and 15.20%, respectively; the grain yield of Xiangyaxiangzhan in 2019 and 2020 under T3 treatment was increased by 0.65% and 3.71%, respectively. The grain yield increment observed under T3 treatment was mainly related to the highest effective panicle. (2) In the two-year field experiments, the total dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, and total nitrogen accumulation of the two fragrant cultivars at panicle initiation stage and heading stage were generally the highest under T2 treatment, while no significant difference was observed between T3 treatment and T2 treatment. However, the total dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, and total nitrogen accumulation under T3 treatment were the highest for the two fragrant rice cultivars. Compared with T2 treatment, T3 treatment increased total dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, and total nitrogen accumulation of Yuxiangyouzhan by 25.14%, 26.57%, and 21.31% in 2019, respectively, and in 2020 the corresponding increases were 5.83%, 21.80%, and 46.47%, respectively. Compared with T2 treatment, the total dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, and total nitrogen accumulation under T3 treatment for Xiangyaxiangzhan were increased by 19.95%, 3.73%, and 13.41% in 2019, respectively, and in 2020 the corresponding increases were 21.17%, 1.78%, and 14.37%, respectively. In addition, the nitrogen recovery efficiency and nitrogen agronomic efficiency of the two fragrant rice cultivars were also the highest under T3 treatment. (3) At the panicle initiation stage and heading stage, T2 treatment showed higher in the activities of nitrogen metabolism-related enzymes in leaf of the two fragrant rice cultivars as compared with other fertilization treatments, and T3 treatment was observed with the highest activities of nitrogen metabolism-related enzymes in leaf of the two fragrant rice cultivars at maturity stage. 【Conclusion】 The two-year of field experiments showed that, compared with the total fertilization of solid fertilizer treatment, the side depth application of liquid fertilizer with 10% nitrogen reduction at tillering stage treatment could increase the yield of fragrant rice by ensuring the early growth, increasing total dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, nitrogen utilization and nitrogen metabolism-related enzymes activities during the late growth stage while reducing the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer. |
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| Keywords: | fragrant rice side deep fertilization grain yield liquid fertilizer nitrogen absorption and utilization |
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