Recent Applications of Liquid Feed Supplements in Rations for Lactating Dairy Cows |
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| Institution: | 1. University of Utah, Department of Orthopaedics, Salt Lake City, UT, United States;2. University of Utah, Department of Physical Therapy & Athletic Training, Salt Lake City, UT, United States;3. University of Colorado, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Aurora, CO, United States;4. University of Montana, School of Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science, Missoula, MT, United States;1. Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, FMB UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil;2. Department of Clinic, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FMVA UNESP, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil;3. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Science, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil;1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chaim Sheba Medical Center at Tel HaShomer, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel;2. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA;3. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA;1. Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia;2. Olga Tennison Research Centre, School of Psychological Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia;3. Genetics Education and Health Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia;4. Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia;5. Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Parkville, Victoria, Australia;6. Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia;7. Centre for Health Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia;8. Centre for Developmental Disability Health Victoria, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia;9. Fragile X Alliance Inc (Clinic and Resource Centre), North Caufield, Victoria, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Liquid feed supplements (LFS) have traditionally been used in lick tanks as a source of nonprotein nitrogen and energy for dairy replacement heifers and dry cows. Recent applications of LFS in rations for lactating dairy cows were reviewed along with the corresponding research data available in the scientific literature. Liquid feed supplements offer an alternative delivery vehicle for supplemental fat, undegraded intake protein, and rumen-fermentable carbohydrates in total mixed rations for lactating dairy cows. In general, the experiments reviewed did not show a lactation performance advantage to the dietary addition of animal-fat or animal-protein by-products in liquid compared with dry feed supplements. Lactation performance benefits from the feeding of molasses or sugar were not well-substantiated by the literature data, and controlled research is needed to evaluate this aspect of the use of LFS in diets for lactating dairy cows. University and field trials suggest that sorting of total mixed rations fed to lactating dairy cows can occur. Addition of LFS to total mixed rations to reduce sorting of diet components is a new practice on commercial dairy operations, but controlled research trials evaluating the efficacy of LFS for ameliorating a sorting problem are lacking. Advantages of LFS in convenience and uniformity of ingredient and nutrient delivery can be evaluated relative to cost differences between liquid and dry feed supplements since lactation performance differences between them were minimal. |
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