Disease severity,incidence and races of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Setosphaeria turcica</Emphasis> on sorghum in Uganda |
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| Authors: | Idd Ramathani Moses Biruma Tom Martin Christina Dixelius Patrick Okori |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Crop Science, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda;(2) National Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 295, Entebbe, Uganda;(3) Department of Plant Biology and Forest Genetics, Uppsala BioCenter, SLU, Box 7080, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; |
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| Abstract: | In order to understand the underlaying causes of new severe turcicum leaf blight outbreaks in East Africa, a survey was undertaken
in Uganda to examine the sorghum—Setosphaeria turcica interaction in terms of disease severity and incidence, the overall fungal population structure, and new resistant resources.
Highest disease severities were recorded on caudatum accessions, whereas kafir genotypes were most resistant. The disease
was more severe in the most humid farmlands compared to moderately dry agro-ecologies. In districts with wide adoption of
the Epuripur variety a very high incidence (100%) of turcicum leaf blight was found. The two S. turcica mating type genes MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 assessed on fungal isolates deriving from both sorghum and maize diseased leaves were found in 20 of 23 districts sampled
and in equal proportions. Upon cross inoculation on maize differential lines, four S. turcica isolates were identified as race 1, two as race 2, and one isolate corresponded to race 0 and race 3, respectively. The remaining
10 S. turcica isolates did not cause any disease symptoms on the maize lines assessed. Highly resistant accessions originating from a regional
collection were found among the five sorghum races (kafir, guinea, caudatum, bicolor and durra), and are now implemented in
new sorghum disease resistance programs. |
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