| 大庆盐碱地绿化树种的引进及适应性分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 何之龙,曾凡锁,詹亚光.大庆盐碱地绿化树种的引进及适应性分析[J].安徽农业科学,2013(23):9642-9645,9647. |
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| 作者姓名： | 何之龙 曾凡锁 詹亚光 |
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| 作者单位： | 东北林业大学生命科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨,150040;东北林业大学生命科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040;东北林业大学林木遗传育种国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家林业科技支撑项目（2012BAD01B0503）;大庆市科学技术计划项目. |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]研究了大庆地区盐碱地绿化树种的引进及适应性.方法]该研究选择了30个绿化树种在大庆地区进行了引种试验,并于2005 ～ 2012年进行跟踪调查.结果]稠李、刺玫、连翘、锥花绣球等绿化树种对于大庆地区的生态适应性较差,不能作为大庆地区的抗旱耐盐的绿化树种引进.卫茅、树锦鸡、糖槭、白榆、绒毛白蜡、枸杞、榆叶梅、银中杨等绿化树种移栽成活后能够适应当地的气候及土壤条件,并能正常生长发育,可以初步确定为大庆地区的绿化树种候选树种.在重度盐碱地进一步试验,卫茅、白榆、榆叶梅和枸杞在栽植2年后的生长状况良好,可作为大庆地区重度盐碱地的耐盐绿化树种.栽植于重度盐碱地中的部分树种,如四季丁香、树锦鸡、八宝玫瑰、紫丁香出现了负增长,主要是由于这些树种在移栽成活后不能适应当地环境,大部分苗木出现了主枝死亡后从根部萌发新枝的现象,也说明了这些树种不适于栽植在重度盐碱地的环境中.结论]通过对大庆地区抗旱、耐盐绿化品种引进技术指标和良种进行评定,引进的绿化树种中属于第Ⅰ类型——引种成功的抗旱耐盐的绿化树种有6种,属于第Ⅱ类型——较抗旱耐盐的绿化树种有11种,属于第Ⅲ类型——较难成功的绿化树种有13种.
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| 关 键 词： | 盐碱地 绿化树种 引种 适应性 |
Introduction and Adaptation Analysis of Landscape Plant Species in Saline Alkali Soil of Daqing |
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| Institution: | HE Zhi-long et al (Life Science College, Northeast Forestry＇University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040) |
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| Abstract: | Objective] The aim was to study introduction and adaptation analysis of landscape plant species in saline alkali soil of Daqing. Method] Introduction experiment of 30 landscape plant species was carried out in Daqing with the follow-up survey from 2005 to 2012. Re- sult ~The results showed that： the ecological adaptability of the landscape plant species, such as Prunus padus, Rosa davurica, Forsythia sus- pensa and Phlox paniculata,was poor in Daqing, and these species couldn＇ t introduced to Daqing as salt-resistant landscape plants. The land- scape plant species, such as Euonymus alatus, Caragana microphylla, Acer saccharum, Ulmus pumila, Fraxinus velutina, Lycium barbarum, Prunus triloba and Populus alba could adapt to the local conditions of soil and climate after survived from the introduction and grow up normal- ly, these species could be selected to be the candidate landscape plant species in Daqing. For the Further experiment, stone of the 30 tested landscape plant species were move to severe saline-alkali soil, the result showedt hat the growth situation of Euonymus alatus, Ulmus pumila, Prunus triloba and Lycium barbarum was good, these species could introducted as sah-resistant landscape plant of severe saline-alkali soil in Daqing. Some of the species were tested in severe saline-alkali soil, such as Syringa microphylla, Caragana microphylla and Syringa oblata, had been negetive growth. It mainly coursed by re-germination after their failure to survive from the severe saline-alkali soil, which showed that they could not be selected to be the candidate landscape plant species of severe saline-alkali soil in Daqing. Conclusion] According to numbe- rous datas and assessment of landscape species introduced in Daqing, these species had been separated into 3 different types, I , l] and Ill. There were 6 landscape species belong to type I which succeeded in introduction in Daqing, there were 11 landscape species belong to type I1 which showed a certain adaptability to saline-alkali soil, and there were 13 landscape species belong to type m which failed in introduction in Daqing. |
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| Keywords: | Saline alkali soil Landscape plant species Introduction Adaptation |
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