Characterization of waxy grain sorghum lines in relation to granule-bound starch synthase |
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Authors: | J F Pedersen S R Bean R A Graybosch S H Park M Tilley |
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Institution: | (1) USDA, ARS, NPA Wheat, Sorghum and Forage Research, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 344 Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583-0937, USA;(2) USDA, ARS, NPA, GMPRC, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA;(3) Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA |
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Abstract: | The waxy phenotype, associated with endosperm containing little or no amylose, has been recognized in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) since 1933. Although variants of the waxy gene are well characterized in other cereals, the waxy trait has been
assumed to be controlled by a single allele, wx, in sorghum. Recent improvements in technologies encourage re-examination of the waxy sorghums. The objectives of this research
were therefore to identify and characterize sorghum lines with differing waxy alleles and to describe the actions of those
alleles in crosses. Grain of eight waxy sorghum lines (BTxARG1, BTx630, Tx2907, B.9307, 94C274, 94C278, 94C289, 94C369), three
wild-type checks (BWheatland, RTx430, BN122), and F2 families from crosses among a subset of these lines were evaluated for presence or absence of granule-bound starch synthase
(GBSS), the gene product of the wx locus, and wild-type vs. waxy endosperm. The F2 segregation ratios were tested for fit to a 3:1 ratio using Chi-square analyses. Two distinctly different naturally occurring
waxy alleles were identified: One with no GBSS (GBSS−), and one with apparently inactive GBSS present (GBSS+). We propose
that the waxy allele with no GBSS be designated wxa, and that waxy allele with apparently inactive GBSS present be designated wxb. These two alleles are located in close proximity on the waxy locus. The wxb allele is dominant to the wxa allele in terms of GBSS production, and both are recessive to the wild-type Wx in terms of amylose content.
The U.S. Government's right to retain a non-exclusive, royalty-free license in and to any copyright is acknowledged. |
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Keywords: | amylose amylopectin granule bound starch synthase sorghum starch waxy |
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