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金针菇菌糠营养价值评定及其对肉牛生产性能的影响
引用本文:王宇,李晗,高景,许宏扬,陈珠凉,陈巧娥,高思,齐智利.金针菇菌糠营养价值评定及其对肉牛生产性能的影响[J].华中农业大学学报,2020,39(5):115-122.
作者姓名:王宇  李晗  高景  许宏扬  陈珠凉  陈巧娥  高思  齐智利
作者单位:华中农业大学动物科技学院,武汉 430070;如意情生物科技股份有限公司,武汉 430040;武汉牧饲生物高科技有限责任公司,武汉430040
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0500507,2018YFD0501605);大北农青年学者提升专项(2017DBN003);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2662018PY079);武汉市农科院开放性课题项目
摘    要:为研究金针菇菌糠的饲用价值,对金针菇菌糠和常规粗饲料进行营养组分分析,并设计6种菌糠与常规粗饲料的组合,通过人工瘤胃法测定每组单独饲喂以及与精料混合后的pH、NH_3-N浓度和干物质降解率,筛选出最佳组合方式。选择16头健康状况良好、年龄、体重相近的西门塔尔杂交公牛,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组8头牛。对照组饲喂普通全混合日粮(total mixed rations,TMR),试验组饲喂最佳组合方式的TMR日粮。预试期10 d,正试期80 d,试验初始和结束时进行称重和采血。测定最佳组合方式对肉牛日增重、血液生理指标和血浆生化指标的影响。结果显示:菌糠的营养组分接近稻草和黄贮,其最佳饲喂组合为青贮(50%)+菌糠(30%)+酒糟(10%)+豆腐渣(10%),该组合的饲喂极显著提高了肉牛日增重(P0.01),降低了饲料成本,并且不会对血液生理指标和血浆生化指标造成不良影响。以上结果表明,金针菇菌糠可以作为粗饲料在肉牛养殖中使用。

关 键 词:金针菇菌糠  营养价值评定  菌糠利用  肉牛  人工瘤胃  血液生理生化指标
收稿时间:2019/11/6 0:00:00

Nutrients assessments of Flammulina velutipes substrate and its effects on production performance of beef cattle
Abstract:In order to evaluate the feeding value of golden needle mushroom barn,the in vitro rumen fermentation was used to select the best feeding combination,which was further tested in the practice. Firstly,the nutrients components of golden needle mushroom barn and other roughages was measured. Next,six groups of combinations based on previous study were designed and in vitro rumen fermentation was applied to measure pH,NH3 and dry matter degradation to select the best group of combinations. Then,the beef cattle feeding trial was conducted to test the best combination. Sixteen healthy Simonthal hybrid cattle with similar bodyweight and age were selected and randomly assigned to two groups,control group and experimental group,with 8 cows in each group. The control group was fed with the basal TMR and the experimental group was fed with the optimal TMR diet. The pre-trial period was 10 days for adaption,and the experimental period was 80 days. Blood collection and body-weighting were performed at the beginning and end of the trial to evaluate the feeding effects on bodyweight gain,blood physiological parameters and serum biochemical index. The results showed that the nutrient components of golden needle mushroom barn was similar to straw and maize yellow storage; The best feeding combination was maize green storage (50%)+golden needle mushroom barn (30%)+beef grain (10%)+bean curd residue (10%); The best combination significantly increased bodyweight gain (P<0.01),reduced the feed cost and had no detrimental effects on blood physiological parameters and serum biochemical index. To sum up,golden needle mushroom barn could be used as roughage for beef cattle.
Keywords:Flammulina velutipes substrate  nutriment assessments  utilization of mushroom bran  beef cattle  in vitro rumen fermentation  blood biochemical index
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