| 三江平原寒地稻田CH4、N2O排放特征及排放量估算 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 王毅勇,陈卫卫,赵志春,顾江新.三江平原寒地稻田CH4、N2O排放特征及排放量估算[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(10):170-176. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 王毅勇 陈卫卫 赵志春 顾江新 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1．中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所，长春 130012； 2．中国科学院大气物理研究所LAPC开放实验室，北京 100029;1．中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所，长春 130012； 2．中国科学院大气物理研究所LAPC开放实验室，北京 100029;中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所，长春 130012;中国科学院大气物理研究所LAPC开放实验室，北京 100029 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金重点项目（40331014）；中国科学院知识创新项目共同资助 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 利用静态暗箱-气相色谱法，于2003-2006年对三江平原寒地稻田CH4、N2O通量进行了为期4年的田间原位观测研究。结果表明：三江平原寒地稻田CH4和N2O排放具有明显的季节变化，水稻生长季淹水期是CH4排放的强源，稻田排水后CH4排放显著下降，休闲期CH4排放微弱或呈弱吸收汇，整个生长季CH4排放呈现单峰型态，并随水稻植株生长和叶面积指数而变化；水稻生长季和休闲期N2O排放通量都很小，冬季休闲期有时还出现微弱的吸收现象。生长季一般在施肥和表土落干时都会出现不同强度的排放峰，除了几次比较显著的排放峰值外，其它淹水状态下N2O排放很弱；温度和土壤水分状况是影响稻田CH4和N2O排放的重要因子，稻田积水深度和气体排放无明显的相关性；水稻植株对稻田土壤CH4排放起促进作用而对稻田土壤N2O排放起抑制作用；稻田氮肥用量增加可以降低土壤CH4排放，但却增加了N2O的排放。根据试验数据对三江平原地区寒地稻田CH4和N2O排放总量估算值分别为0.1035 Tg/a和 0.0021 Tg/a。
|
| 关 键 词： | 温室气体排放，CH4与N2O通量，三江平原，寒地稻田 |
| 收稿时间： | 2007/12/10 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2008/7/12 0:00:00 |
Characteristics and estimation of CH4, N2O emissions from cold paddy field in the Sanjiang Plain |
| |
| Wang Yiyong,Chen Weiwei,Zhao Zhichun and Gu Jiangxin.Characteristics and estimation of CH4, N2O emissions from cold paddy field in the Sanjiang Plain[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2008,24(10):170-176. |
| |
| Authors: | Wang Yiyong Chen Weiwei Zhao Zhichun and Gu Jiangxin |
| |
| Institution: | 1.Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun,130012,China;2.LAPC Lab of Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100029,China,1.Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun,130012,China;2.LAPC Lab of Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100029,China,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun,130012,China and LAPC Lab of Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100029,China |
| |
| Abstract: | CH4 and N2O emissions from the cold paddy field were measured with static-closed-chamber and GC (Aglient 4890) by the continuous experiments in the Sanjiang Plain in Heilongjiang Province in Northeast China from 2003 to 2006, the characteristics of CH4 and N2O emissions from the paddy field were defined, and the main influence factors that the paddy field CH4 and N2O discharges were analyzed at the same time. The results show that it has obvious characteristics of seasonal variations that the paddy field CH4 and N2O are discharged, it is strong CH4 source during the waterlogging period of rice paddy, CH4 flux drops notably until paddy field drains off water, and CH4 flux is faint or weak to absorb in whole fallow period. Unimodal type of CH4 emission changed with the changes of rice plant growths and leaf area index. N2O emission is very small because the rice pours water continuously while growing, and the weak absorption phenomenon appears sometimes at temperature drops and in cover of ice and snow while lying fallow at the same time. It generally appears N2O discharge peak after using the base manure and topdressing, and it always presents discharging weak peaks when the water level declines during the growing period. Temperature and moisture are two of the important factors to influence paddy field CH4 and N2O emissions, but the water depth and gas fluxes do not have obvious relevance. The rice plant influences the gas fluxes greatly. The CH4 emission is promoted and N2O emission is reduced because of the absorption of nitrogen and impact on soil structure of roots of the rice plant; During in growing season, it influences and differs greatly the paddy field CH4 emission to use the nitrogen, but promotes the emission of N2O greatly. According to the emission rates of CH4, N2O and the area of the paddy field in Sanjiang Plain, the total amounts of emissions of CH4, N2O were estimated and they were 0.1035 Tg/a and 0.0021 Tg/a, respectively. |
| |
| Keywords: | greenhouse gases emission CH4 and N2O fluxes sanjiang plain cold paddy field |
|
| 点击此处可从《农业工程学报》浏览原始摘要信息 |
| 点击此处可从《农业工程学报》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
