Nematicidal Activity of Chrysanthemum coronarium |
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| Authors: | Meira Bar-Eyal Edna Sharon Yitzhak Spiegel |
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| Institution: | (1) Division of Nematology, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), the Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan, 50-250, Israel |
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| Abstract: | Organic amendments and green manure are potential alternatives to the harmful chemical control means currently used against
plant-parasitic nematodes. In this work, Chrysanthemum coronarium was applied to the soil as a green manure to control the root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica. Chrysanthemum coronarium significantly reduced nematode infection of tomato roots and improved plant-top fresh weight, both in the greenhouse and
in microplots. Other green manures, derived from Anthemis pseudocotula, wild chickpea (Cicer pinnatifidum), Geranium spp. and wheat, were not as effective as C. coronarium. Chrysanthemum coronarium, retained its nematicidal activity even when applied as a dried material. Only mature C. coronarium plants, in their flowering stage, exhibited nematode control activity, but the green plant parts were more effective than
the flowers. An aqueous extract of C. coronarium exhibited in vitro, nematostatic activity towards M. incognita and M. javanica second-stage juveniles and inhibited their hatching from eggs and egg-masses; its nematostatic activity was expressed also
against other phytonematode species such as Heterodera avenae and Pratylenchus mediterraneus, but did not affect the beneficial entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae. |
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| Keywords: | green manure Heterodera avenae Meloidogyne incognita Meloidogyne javanica Pratylenchus mediterraneus Steinernema feltiae |
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