| 论农村科普作品的基本要素及创作技法 |
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| 引用本文： | 边全乐,包书政,廖丹凤,张楠,王长海,王爱姣.论农村科普作品的基本要素及创作技法[J].农学学报,2022,12(11):76-87. |
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| 作者姓名： | 边全乐 包书政 廖丹凤 张楠 王长海 王爱姣 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.农业农村部人力资源开发中心/中国农学会，北京 100125;2.中国农业大学图书馆，北京 100083 |
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| 摘 要： | 农村科学普及离不开农业农村题材的科普作品创作。当前农村科普作品尚存在4个方面问题：热衷单纯农技推广，疏于“四科”全面传播；自然科学与社会科学、科学技术与思想文化和文学艺术相分离的现象普遍存在；科普理念落后，表现手法陈旧，缺乏科普作品基本要素；多数作品内容雷同，选题水平低层次重复，同质化、低端化、教材化、丛书化严重。农村科普作品创作要突出政治性、思想性、科学性、创新性、专业性、精准性、趣味性、可读性、通俗性、文艺性10个基本要素。可用问答法、阐述法、五步法、推理法等4种方法进行创作。以科技文化相结合、科学艺术相融合为导向，创作中要掌握好6种技巧：“3-M”是原则，故事情节不可少，幽默风趣是佐剂，数字表述有艺术，修辞手法很重要，命题写作有技巧。最后，对6个典型农村题材科普精品创作特色进行了剖析鉴赏。
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| 关 键 词： | 农村科普 科普创作 科普作品 基本要素 方法技巧 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-08-20 |
On the Basic Elements and Creative Techniques of Rural Popular Science Works |
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| BIAN Quanle,BAO Shuzheng,LIAO Danfeng,ZHANG Nan,WANG Changhai,WANG Aijiao.On the Basic Elements and Creative Techniques of Rural Popular Science Works[J].Journal of Agriculture,2022,12(11):76-87. |
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| Authors: | BIAN Quanle BAO Shuzheng LIAO Danfeng ZHANG Nan WANG Changhai WANG Aijiao |
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| Institution: | 1.Human Resources Development Center of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/China Association of Agricultural Science Societies, Beijing 100125, China;2.Library of China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | The science popularization in rural areas is inseparable from the creation of popular science works with agricultural and rural themes. At present, there are four problems in popular science works for rural areas: (1) mainly focus on agricultural technology popularization, neglecting the comprehensive dissemination of scientific spirit, idea, knowledge and methods; (2) prevailed disconnection between natural science and social science, and between S&T and ideology, culture, literature and art; (3) backward concept of science popularization, outdated expression skills and inadequate basic elements of popular science works; (4) many works with similar content, repeated topics and serious homogenization. The creation of rural popular science works should highlight 10 basic elements: political content, ideological content, scientific content, innovativeness, professional characteristics, accuracy, interest, readability, popularity and literary nature. The works can be created by four methods, such as questions and answers, elaboration, ‘five-step method’ (a method designed for popular science works) and deduction. Guided by the integration of science, technology, culture and art, some skills should be mastered in the creation of popular science works for rural areas, including taking 3-M (memorable, meaningful, miniature) as the principle, deploying good plot, humor, numerical expression and rhetoric, and proper handling of the topics. Finally, the paper took six typical rural popular science works as the cases for studying the characteristics of this kind of works. |
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| Keywords: | rural popular science popular science creation popular science works basic elements methods and skills |
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