| 畜禽粪便中铜锌的污染及治理研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 屈健.畜禽粪便中铜锌的污染及治理研究进展[J].农学学报,2022,12(7):61-63. |
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| 作者姓名： | 屈健 |
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| 作者单位： | 浙江省动物疫病预防控制中心,杭州 311199 |
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| 摘 要： | 由于畜禽对铜锌的利用率较低,摄入的铜锌经体内代谢后大部分随粪便排出。施用此类粪肥会造成铜锌元素在土壤中的累积,破坏土壤的质地和微生物,影响作物产量和养分,增加农作物中铜锌的含量,最终通过食物链给人类的健康造成潜在危害。中国畜禽养殖业进入规模化阶段,生猪和家禽饲养量居世界第一,畜禽粪便中铜锌的污染已成为中国农业环境领域急需解决的问题之一。针对畜禽粪便中铜锌污染的现状,本研究综述了应用氨基酸铜锌螯合物,在堆肥中使用钝化剂,采用生物沥浸法、电化学法和有机酸浸提的新型处理技术来提高畜禽对铜锌的吸收,降低畜禽粪便中铜锌生物有效性的研究进展,提出规范饲料生产和养殖管理、完善有机肥标准的建议,以期为解决中国农业环境的铜锌污染问题提供理论及技术依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 畜禽粪便 铜 锌 污染 治理 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-09-21 |
Copper and Zinc Pollution in Livestock and Poultry Excrement and Its Treatment: Research Progress |
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| QU Jian.Copper and Zinc Pollution in Livestock and Poultry Excrement and Its Treatment: Research Progress[J].Journal of Agriculture,2022,12(7):61-63. |
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| Authors: | QU Jian |
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| Institution: | Zhejiang Center of Animal Disease Control, Hangzhou 311199, Zhejiang, China |
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| Abstract: | Due to the low utilization rate of copper and zinc, the metabolic system of livestock excretes most of the copper and zinc intake with feces and urine. Applying manure made of this sort of excrement can cause accumulation of copper and zinc in soil, destruct the soil texture and microbes, have negative influence on the yields and nutrients of crops, increase the content of copper and zinc in crops and potentially harm human health through the food chain. China’s livestock and poultry breeding industry has entered a large-scale stage with the largest number of pigs and poultry in the world, and the residue of copper and zinc in livestock and poultry excrement has become one of the most urgent problems in agricultural environment management. In view of current situation, this paper reviewed the research process of promoting the absorption of copper and zinc in livestock and poultry and reducing the bioavailability of them in the feces through the application of different technologies, including applying amino acid chelates of copper and zinc, using passivating agents in composting, adopting biological leaching, electrochemical and organic acid extraction methods. Suggestions on regulating feed production, managing breeding and improving organic fertilizer standards were put forward, which could provide a theoretical and technical basis for solving the problems of copper and zinc pollution in agricultural environment in China. |
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| Keywords: | livestock and poultry excrement copper zinc pollution treatment |
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