| 亚热带次生常绿阔叶林主要乔木各自然恢复１５年来的变化 |
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| 引用本文： | 包维楷,刘照光,刘朝禄,袁亚夫,刘仁东.亚热带次生常绿阔叶林主要乔木各自然恢复１５年来的变化[J].林业科学,2001,37(1):7-14. |
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| 作者姓名： | 包维楷 刘照光 刘朝禄 袁亚夫 刘仁东 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院成都生物研究所,
2. 四川省瓦屋山国家森林公园, |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院“9.5”重大基金资助项目! (KZ 95 1 B1 110 )，中国科学院西南创新基地经费，成都地奥科学基金，瓦屋山国家森林公园资 |
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| 摘 要： | 在瓦屋山定位研究了中亚热带湿性常绍阔叶林次生群落１５a来各乔木种且成及其重要值、密度，大小结构、高度结构和材积生产力的动态变化，结果表明，自然恢复过程中次生常绿阔叶林群落乔木层物种组成变化明显，有１１种从群落乔木层消失，也有１０种出现，乔木层树种多样性（丰富度）基本保持动态平衡和发展；优势种地位保持不变，但次优势种地位得以加强；群落结构变化较大，突出表现为种群密度、胸径和树高分布格局的变化和立体空间的分布，群落由单优或双优种向双优或多优势种发展，由单一乔木屋向多层次立体结构发展，空间加厚，群落更复杂、稳定性增强。乔木种群平均高生长速度在２４－４８cm.a^-1 ,平均ＤＢＨ生长率在０.３４－１.１０cm.a^-1，各种群生长速度差异明显，按生长速度可划分为适应性强的速生树种如细梗呈茱萸叶五加，华木荷（平均ＤＢＨ生长在０．７０cm.a^-1以上），中等速度的小叶青冈、扁制栲（平均ＤＨＢ生长在０．４０cm.a^-1以上），慢生种如润楠、石栎（平均ＤＨＢ生长在０．４cm.a^-1以下）；种群材积生产力高低不一，优势种扁刺种群材积生产力并不是直增长，而是在后期出现下降；次优势和睦产长速度较快。１９９７年３固定样地材积量２１８－２２５m^3.hm^-2，优势种群材积生产力是群落材积生产力的高低的关键，在相同的环境条件下和各种群相互作用下，密度是各种群生长和材积生产力高低的决定因素之一。
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| 关 键 词： | 常绿阔叶林 自然恢复 种群动态 种群结构 材积生产力 次生林 亚热带 乔木 |
FIFTEEN-YEAR CHANGES OF TREE POPULATIONS IN THE SECONDARY SUBTROPICAL EVERGREEN BROAD-LEAVED FORESTS IN SOUTHWESTERN CHINA |
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| Bao Weikai,Liu Zhaoguang,Liu Chaolu,Yuan Yafu,Liu Rendong.FIFTEEN-YEAR CHANGES OF TREE POPULATIONS IN THE SECONDARY SUBTROPICAL EVERGREEN BROAD-LEAVED FORESTS IN SOUTHWESTERN CHINA[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2001,37(1):7-14. |
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| Authors: | Bao Weikai Liu Zhaoguang Liu Chaolu Yuan Yafu Liu Rendong |
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| Abstract: | The present study was conducted in the secondary su btrop ical evergreen broad-leaved forests at altitude 1650～1670m in Mt.Wawusha n National Forest Park,southwestern China.In order to understand stand restoratio n dynamics,the stand structure in three permanent 0.04hm2 plots for 3～4t imes were recorded from 1982 to 1997 and expounded the changes in 15 years about tree composition,important value index,several diversity indices,structure and volume productivity of both communities and populations.The results were followe d：11 tree species disappeared and about another 10 species entered into tree lay er in the stand,keeping tree layer dynamic equilibrium and developing tree speci es diversity.The dominant species,Castanopsis platyacantha,assumed the super ior status,but its important value(Ⅳ)was decreased.The position of secondary do minant species,Schima sinense and Lithocarpus hancei, are gradually enha nced with gradually increased Ⅳ.The changes of densities,DBH and height dis tribution of tree populations displayed that the secondary evergreen forest was developed from past single or double dominant tree species to double or three do minant trees,from single tree layer to multiple levels in vertical structure.And the resulting community becomes more complicated and more stable.The growth rat es of average height and DBH of all main trees were 24～48cm.a-1 an d 0 .34～1.10cm.a-1,respectively.According to the differentiation of grow th,the main trees could be divided into three growth groups of species：fast-gro wing group including species of Schima sinense and Acanthopanax evodiaefoliu s var.gracills,slow-growing group of Machilus pingii and Lithocarpu s hancei, and the group in between of Castanopsis platyacantha and Cycl ob alanopsis myrsinaefolia. Volume productivity of the dominant population increa s ed firstly and then decreased,but the secondary tree population increased quickl y all the time.Volume productivity of all tree population in 1997 was up to betw een 218m3.hm-2 and 235m3.hm-2,and the change of dominant p opulation was a key for community productivity.The relations of DBH,height g rowt h and volume productivity in various density of the main tree populations indica ted that the densities was one of the most important factors influencing product ivity of tree populations under common environment with the interactions among t ree populations.It is suggested that there is no contradiction between tree spec ies diversity conservation and high volume productivity in forest restoration pr ocess. |
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| Keywords: | Evergreen broad-leaved forest Natural recovery Population strcture Growth dynamics Volume productivity |
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