Resistance to Spodoptera litura (Fabr.) in Helianthus species and backcross derived inbred lines from crosses involving diploid species |
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| Authors: | M Sujatha M Lakshminarayana |
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| Institution: | (1) Directorate of Oilseeds Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, 500 030, India |
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| Abstract: | Spodoptera litura (Fabr.), the tobacco caterpillar, is a major defoliator on sunflower in the tropics. Genetic variability for resistance to
S. litura is limited in the cultivar germplasm of sunflower. In the present investigation, 43 accessions of 17 wild Helianthus species of the annual and perennial habit groups were evaluated along with cultivated sunflower under field and no-choice
conditions in the laboratory for resistance to this pest. Under field conditions, H. occidentalis and H. argophyllus were found to be immune with no leaf damage and few accessions of the species belonging to section Divaricati were found
to be resistant. Laboratory bioassays against neonate, two and 4-day-old larvae confirmed resistance both in terms of high
larval mortality and low larval weight gain in eight species viz., H. occidentalis, H. argophyllus, H. tuberosus, H. maximiliani, H. mollis, H. simulans, H. divaricatus and H. hirsutus. Intra-accessional variability was observed and accessions of few species showed varied reaction (resistant, partially resistant
to susceptible) to the target pest. Field evaluation of 224 backcross derived inbred lines from five cross combinations involving
diploid species under high natural pest incidence revealed low damage in plants derived from crosses involving H. argophyllus and H. petiolaris. |
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| Keywords: | Helianthus species Host plant resistance Pest management Sunflower |
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