| 不同用量生物质炭对小白菜和大蒜产量与品质的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 周加顺,于洪喜,杨洁,孙文青,高雯雯,仲雅敏,史玉洁.不同用量生物质炭对小白菜和大蒜产量与品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2020,36(13):59-64. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周加顺 于洪喜 杨洁 孙文青 高雯雯 仲雅敏 史玉洁 |
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| 作者单位： | 江苏省农垦农业发展股份有限公司现代农业研究院,南京 210019 |
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| 基金项目： | 江苏省农垦农业发展股份有限公司农业科技项目“生物质炭施用对土壤性质以及作物产量的影响”(2018NK0013) |
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| 摘 要： | 研究不同用量生物质炭对土壤性质、蔬菜产量和品质的影响,探索生物质炭对小白菜和大蒜种植的最佳用量,为生物质炭在蔬菜上的应用提供科学依据。盆栽试验共设4个生物质炭用量处理,包括CK、C1、C2、C3,分别以0、1%、2%、3%的添加量施入,每个处理5次重复,监测小白菜和大蒜生长季数据。结果表明,生物质炭能够显著增加土壤有机碳,增幅为23.86%~93.54%;施用3%的生物质炭处理显著增加了小白菜和大蒜生长季土壤全氮11.33%和23.09%;生物质炭能够显著增加土壤有效磷和速效钾含量,增幅分别为18.77%~80.04%和80.19%~396.18%;生物质炭显著增加土壤pH值,增幅为6.03%~17.19%。生物质炭能够显著增加小白菜地上部鲜重和干重,增幅分别为60.11%~86.11%和57.89%~76.32%;施用3%的生物质炭显著增加了大蒜地上部鲜重、地上部干重和地下部干重,增幅分别为36.89%、32.00%和61.56%。施用2%和3%的生物质炭显著增加了小白菜可溶性蛋白含量9.07%和9.37%,同时,生物质炭能够显著降低小白菜可溶性糖和硝酸盐含量,降低幅度分别为6.72%~7.00%和38.62%~93.20%;施用2%和3%的生物质炭显著增加了大蒜可溶性蛋白含量9.83%和9.56%,而施用3%的生物质炭显著降低了大蒜可溶性糖和硝酸盐含量,降低幅度分别为17.98%和39.27%。综上所述,生物质炭能够显著改善土壤化学性质,对小白菜和大蒜起到稳产增产效果,同时还能显著提高蔬菜品质。同时,小白菜和大蒜最佳的生物质炭用量为1%和3%。
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| 关 键 词： | 生物质炭 蔬菜 土壤性质 产量 品质 最佳用量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-01-29 |
Effect of Biochar Amendment Levels on the Yield and Quality of Chinese Cabbage and Garlic |
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| Zhou Jiashun,Yu Hongxi,Yang Jie,Sun Wenqing,Gao Wenwen,Zhong Yamin,Shi Yujie.Effect of Biochar Amendment Levels on the Yield and Quality of Chinese Cabbage and Garlic[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2020,36(13):59-64. |
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| Authors: | Zhou Jiashun Yu Hongxi Yang Jie Sun Wenqing Gao Wenwen Zhong Yamin Shi Yujie |
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| Institution: | Jiangsu Agricultural Reclamation Academy of Sciences Institute of Modern Agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Agricultural Reclamation and Development Corporation, Nanjing 210019 |
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| Abstract: | The current study investigated the effect of different levels of biochar amendment on soil quality, and vegetable yield and quality, aiming to explore the optimum biochar application level on Chinese cabbage and garlic, and providing a basis for biochar application on vegetable. A pot experiment was conducted, and four levels of the biochar were added into soil including: CK (no biochar), C1 (1%), C2 (2%) and C3 (3%), with five repeats. For soil properties, biochar amendment significantly increased soil organic carbon by 23.86%-93.54%; 3% of biochar amendment increased soil nitrogen content by 11.33% and 23.09% during the growth season of Chinese cabbage and garlic, respectively; soil available phosphorus and available potassium content were increased by 18.77%-80.04% and 80.19%-396.18%; and biochar also increased soil pH value. For crop productivity, biochar amendment increased the aboveground fresh and dry weight of Chinese cabbage by 60.11%-86.11% and 57.89%-76.32%. And 3% biochar amendment increased garlic aboveground fresh biomass, dry biomass and belowground dry biomass by 36.89%, 32.00% and 61.56%, respectively. For vegetable quality, 2% and 3% biochar amendment increased the soluble protein content of Chinese cabbage by 9.07% and 9.37%; while the soluble sugar and nitrate content of Chinese cabbage was decreased by 6.72%-7.00% and 38.62%-93.20%; 2% and 3% biochar amendment increased the soluble protein content of garlic by 9.83% and 9.56%, while 3% treatment decreased garlic soluble sugar and nitrate content by 17.98% and 39.27%. The application of biochar on Chinese cabbage and garlic planting can improve soil fertility, and raise vegetable yield and quality simultaneously. And the optimum biochar application level for Chinese cabbage and garlic are 1% and 3%. |
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| Keywords: | biochar vegetable soil properties yield quality optimum level |
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