| 减水减肥对设施茄子氮吸收及利用效率的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙卓,李思聪,陈新,陈一民,曲红云,隋跃宇,焦晓光.减水减肥对设施茄子氮吸收及利用效率的影响[J].中国农学通报,2020,36(14):54-58. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙卓 李思聪 陈新 陈一民 曲红云 隋跃宇 焦晓光 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,哈尔滨 150080;2. 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所黑土区农业生态重点实验室,哈尔滨 150081;3. 黑龙江省农业科学院园艺分院,哈尔滨 150069;4. 东北农业大学寒地黑土利用与保护重点实验室,哈尔滨 150030 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技部重点研发计划项目“农田氮磷淋溶损失污染与防控机制研究”(2016YFD0800100);东北农业大学寒地黑土利用与保护重点实验室项目“不同水肥管理对设施菜田黑土氮淋溶的影响” |
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| 摘 要： | 为探究减水和减施化肥对设施黑土菜田茄子氮吸收及利用效率的影响,以设施茄子为研究对象,对比分析常规水肥施用量、80%常规肥+常规水处理（减肥处理）、常规肥+80%常规水处理（减水处理）对茄子产量和氮吸收及利用效率的影响。结果表明：与常规水肥处理相比,减肥处理对茄子产量影响不显著(P>0.05),减水处理的茄子产量显著降低了12.79%(P<0.05);减水和减肥处理的茄子干物质量较常规水肥处理组分别减少15.13%和6.45%,但未达到差异显著水平(P>0.05);3个处理组的吸氮量指标均未呈现出显著差异;与常规水肥处理组相比,减肥处理提高了氮素利用效率(NUPE)、氮素吸收效率(NUE)(P>0.05),显著提高了36.94%的氮肥偏生产力(NPFP)(P<0.05)。因此在设施菜田茄子实际生产中,可以适当减少氮肥施用量,不仅可以提高氮肥利用效率,稳产保质,而且可以节约养分资源,降低氮素淋溶的风险,对设施蔬菜的健康发展有重要意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 减水 减肥 设施茄子 吸氮量 氮肥利用率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-01-04 |
Effects of Reducing Irrigation and Chemical Fertilizer on Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization Efficiency of Eggplant in Greenhouse |
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| Sun Zhuo,Li Sicong,Chen Xin,Chen Yimin,Qu Hongyun,Sui Yueyu,Jiao Xiaoguang.Effects of Reducing Irrigation and Chemical Fertilizer on Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization Efficiency of Eggplant in Greenhouse[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2020,36(14):54-58. |
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| Authors: | Sun Zhuo Li Sicong Chen Xin Chen Yimin Qu Hongyun Sui Yueyu Jiao Xiaoguang |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Modern Agriculture and Eco-Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080;2. Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, CAS, Harbin 150081;3. Institute of Horticulture, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069;4. Key Laboratory of Cold Black Soil Resources Utilization and Protection, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030 |
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| Abstract: | To investigate the effects of reducing irrigation and chemical fertilizers on eggplant nitrogen absorption and utilization efficiency in a facility vegetable field in black soil region, we analyzed the effects of regular irrigation and chemical fertilizers (CK), 80% regular chemical fertilizers+ regular irrigation, and regular chemical fertilizers+ 80% regular irrigation, on nitrogen absorption and utilization efficiency in eggplant. The results showed that: compared with that of CK, the effect of reducing chemical fertilizer on eggplant yield was not significant (P>0.05),while the eggplant yield in reducing irrigation treatment was significantly decreased by 12.79% (P<0.05). Compared with that of CK, the dry matter of eggplant treated with reducing irrigation and reducing chemical fertilizers was decreased by 15.13% and 6.45%, respectively, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in nitrogen uptake among the three treatments. Compared with that of CK, nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUPE) and nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUE) were increased and nitrogen partial factor productivity (NPFP) was significantly increased by 36.94% in reducing chemical fertilizer treatment. Therefore, in the production of eggplant in greenhouse, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer application can be reduced appropriately, which can not only improve the nitrogen utilization efficiency, stabilize the yield and quality, but also save the nutrient resources and reduce the risk of nitrogen leaching. |
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| Keywords: | reducing irrigation reducing chemical fertilizers eggplant in facility vegetable field nitrogen uptake nitrogen utilization efficiency |
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