| 半湿润偏旱区长期定位小麦水肥耦合效应研究——平水年小麦产量及土壤水分变化研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 张洁,丁志强,李俊红,姚宇卿,吕军杰,蔡典雄,吴会军.半湿润偏旱区长期定位小麦水肥耦合效应研究——平水年小麦产量及土壤水分变化研究[J].中国农学通报,2020,36(17):84-88. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张洁 丁志强 李俊红 姚宇卿 吕军杰 蔡典雄 吴会军 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 洛阳农林科学院,河南洛阳 471023;2. 中国农科院洛阳旱农试验基地,河南洛阳 471023;3. 中国农科院农业资源与区划所,北京 100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 948重点项目“节水农作制度关键技术引进与创新”(2006—G52);国家科技支撑计划“河南半干旱区主要粮食作物综合节水技术研究与示范”(2007BAD88B02—04);FAO资助的气候变化框架公约项目“黄河流域应对气候变化的环境友好型生态农业战略研究”(UNJP/CPR/037/SPA);国家粮食丰产科技工程“黄淮南部(河南)小麦玉米两熟丰产高效技术集成研究与示范”(2011BAD16B07);国家重点研发计划重点专项“豫西旱作区小麦玉米抗旱丰产增效技术集成与示范”(2018YFD0300707) |
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| 摘 要： | 自2004年开始利用干旱棚,长期定位模拟不同降雨年型对小麦产量及土壤水分的影响。本文以平水年为研究对象,结果表明：在11年间小麦生育期降雨量高于常年降雨量(231.8 mm)有2年占18%,与常年持平的有3年占27%,其他年份均低于常年,且生育期降雨极不均匀,干旱时期也不尽相同,大气候对小麦的生长影响较大。十一年间小麦产量呈下降趋势,2004—2008每年平均以673.5 kg/hm2降低;2009—2014年每年平均以628 kg/hm2降低。小麦成产因素穗数均呈下降趋势,而千粒重呈上升趋势,穗粒数变化比较平稳。小麦播种期土壤水分呈下降趋势,收获期土壤水分比较平稳。产量与穗数和播种期土壤含水量呈极显著相关,与穗粒数显著相关。
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| 关 键 词： | 水肥耦合 产量 土壤水分 小麦 长期定位 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-02-26 |
Coupling Effect of Water and Fertilizer on Wheat in Semi-humid Arid Areas: Study on Wheat Yield and Soil Moisture Change Under Normal-water Level Year |
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| Zhang Jie,Ding Zhiqiang,Li Junhong,Yao Yuqing,Lv Junjie,Cai Dianxiong,Wu Huijun.Coupling Effect of Water and Fertilizer on Wheat in Semi-humid Arid Areas: Study on Wheat Yield and Soil Moisture Change Under Normal-water Level Year[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2020,36(17):84-88. |
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| Authors: | Zhang Jie Ding Zhiqiang Li Junhong Yao Yuqing Lv Junjie Cai Dianxiong Wu Huijun |
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| Institution: | 1. Luoyang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry, Luoyang Henan 471023;2. Luoyang Dry-land Farming Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Luoyang Henan 471023;3. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, CAAS, Beijing 100081 |
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| Abstract: | Using the arid awning since 2004, we simulated the effect of different rainfall years on the wheat yield and soil moisture, and took the normal-water year as the research object. The results showed that, during the growth period of wheat in the 11 research years, the rainfall was higher than the perennial rainfall (231.8mm) for 2 years, accounting for 18%, and was similar to the perennial rainfall level for 3 years, accounting for 27%, in other years, the rainfall was lower than the perennial rainfall level; and the rainfall was extremely uneven in the growth period, the drought period was also different, and the great climate had more significant impact on wheat growth. During the 11 years, the yield of wheat showed a downward trend, and the average annual reduction was 673.5 kg/hm2 per year from 2004 to 2008, and the average yield decreased by 628 kg/hm2 per year from 2009 to 2014. The number of ears of wheat decreased, while 1000 kernels weight increased, and the grain number per spike was relatively stable. Soil moisture showed a downward trend during the sowing period, and soil moisture was relatively stable during harvest period. The yield had an extremely significant and positive correlation with the number of ears and the soil water content during the sowing period, and a significantly positive correlation with the grain number per spike. |
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| Keywords: | coupling of water and fertilizer yield soil moisture wheat long-term positioning |
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