| 优化滴灌制度下不同品种糖用甜菜产质量及光合特性响应研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 胡晓航,马亚怀,杨洪泽.优化滴灌制度下不同品种糖用甜菜产质量及光合特性响应研究[J].中国农学通报,2020,36(23):6-18. |
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| 作者姓名： | 胡晓航 马亚怀 杨洪泽 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,哈尔滨 150008;2.国家糖料改良中心,哈尔滨 150008;3.新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家糖料产业体系项目“基于甜菜生理需水特征的精确滴灌控制设计研究”(CARS-170202);农业农村部农业技术试验示范与服务支持(品种试验)项目“国家试验示范与服务支持(品种试验)”(NJZ[2020]-I13) |
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| 摘 要： | 为了研究不同灌溉定额下不同品种（标准型、丰产型和高糖型）糖用甜菜的产量、质量和光合特性的响应,在东北地区甜菜4个生长时期进行了7个滴灌处理水平的试验研究,测定不同处理对标准型、丰产型和高糖型甜菜品种的生长情况、光合特征、产量质量及灌溉效率的响应。结果表明,不同灌溉量对不同类型甜菜生长指标、光合参数及产质量影响不同。标准型和高糖型甜菜品种对其生长性状各指标有利的灌溉定额为320~360 m3/ha,3个品种甜菜叶绿素含量对灌溉定额的最佳响应为300~320 m3/ha。标准甜菜品种随着灌溉量的增加并不利于其进行光合作用,而高糖型与丰产型甜菜品种随灌溉量的增加在叶丛快速生长期对叶片蒸腾速率的影响显著,在320 m3/ha灌溉量处理下光合效率较好。随着灌溉量的增加,标准型甜菜品种根产量增加;当灌溉量达320 m3/ha时,丰产型甜菜品种根产量不再升高而保持平稳、高糖型甜菜品种糖度下降。叶片水分利用效率在生育期前期总体上要高于生育后期,增加灌溉量并不能提高不同类型甜菜品种的灌溉水生产效率。在本研究特定区域内优化不同品种甜菜的灌溉制度可改善甜菜生长和产质量,并为建立甜菜灌溉模型提供理论基础。
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| 关 键 词： | 甜菜 滴灌 根产量 光合特性 灌溉效率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-02-04 |
Yield,Quality and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Sugar Beet Varieties Under Optimized Drip Irrigation System |
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| Hu Xiaohang,Ma Yahuai,Yang Hongze.Yield,Quality and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Sugar Beet Varieties Under Optimized Drip Irrigation System[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2020,36(23):6-18. |
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| Authors: | Hu Xiaohang Ma Yahuai Yang Hongze |
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| Institution: | 1.Academy of Modern Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin Heilongjiang 150080;2.National Sugar Improvement Center, Harbin Heilongjiang 150080;3.Research Institute of Industrial Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi Xinjiang 830091 |
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| Abstract: | To study the response of the photosynthetic characteristics, yield and quality of varieties (standard type, high yield type and high sugar type) of sugar beet under different irrigation quotas, seven drip irrigation treatments were designed in sugar beet growth period to discuss the response of different treatments by measuring growth, photosynthetic characteristics, production quality and the irrigation efficiency of standard, high-yield and high-sugar beet varieties in Northeast China. The results showed that different irrigation quotas had different effects on the growth indexes, photosynthetic parameters, yield and quality of the beet varieties. The favorable irrigation quota to the growth traits of standard and high-sugar beet varieties was 320~360 m 3/ha, and the optimal response of the chlorophyll content of the three beet varieties to the irrigation quota was 300~320 m 3/ha. The increase of irrigation amount was not conducive to photosynthesis of standard type beet, while had a significant impact on leaf transpiration rate during the rapid growth period of leaf clusters of high-sugar and high-yield beet varieties, and the photosynthetic efficiency was better under 320 m 3/ha irrigation amount. With the increase of the irrigation amount, the root yield of standard beet varieties increased. When the irrigation amount reached 320 m 3/ha, the root yield of high-yield beet varieties did not increase, but remained stable and the sugar content of high-sugar beet varieties decreased. The water use efficiency of leaves was higher in the early growth period than in the late growth period, and increasing the irrigation amount did not improve the production efficiency of the varieties. Thus, to optimize the irrigation system of beet varieties in the study area can promote the growth, the yield and the quality of sugar beet, and provide a basis for establishing the beet irrigation model. |
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| Keywords: | sugar beet irrigation root yield photosynthetic characteristics irrigation efficiency |
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