| 四川地区彩色花生一年两熟种植时期研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 李爽,侯睿,张小军,张小红,岳福良,李文均,徐永菊,刘行,张相琼.四川地区彩色花生一年两熟种植时期研究[J].中国农学通报,2020,36(21):25-32. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李爽 侯睿 张小军 张小红 岳福良 李文均 徐永菊 刘行 张相琼 |
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| 作者单位： | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所,成都 610300 |
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| 基金项目： | 四川省科技厅重点研发项目“特色花生轻简高效种植技术研发与示范(面上项目)”(2019YFN0136);四川省科技创新创业苗子工程培育项目(2019095) |
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| 摘 要： | 为解决四川花生新品种繁育加代慢、鲜食花生供应周期短的问题,试验探究了四川地区花生一年两熟的可行性。试验以‘蜀花1号(SH1)’、‘蜀彩花1号(SCH1)’、‘蜀彩花2号(SCH2)’3个彩色花生品种为材料,在四川攀西仁和试验基地对其在全年不同月份播种的生长发育状况、产量相关性状及繁殖系数进行了研究。结果表明：各个品种自身产量最高的种植时期有所不同,但时期差异不大,种植时间对各品种生长性状和产量性状均产生显著性影响,在1—9月播种期间出苗率、成熟株高、单株结果数、繁殖系数呈现先升高后降低的表现趋势,生育期则与之相反,因积温过低等气候条件限制,10—11月播种3个品种均未结果。进一步分析发现：5月播种‘SCH1’的单季繁殖系数为试验最高值,加权平均计算结果显示,3月播种‘SH1’和‘SCH2’时的全年繁殖系数最高,1月播种‘SCH1’的全年繁殖系数最高,最适宜一年两熟种植。结果证明：在攀西地区进行花生一年两熟种植可行,尤其是使用生育期较短的品种效果更好,可延长四川地区鲜食花生供应时长,同时为四川花生新品种本地快繁加代提供可能。
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| 关 键 词： | 四川 一年两熟 彩色花生 播种时期 繁殖系数 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-05-29 |
Colored Peanut in Sichuan: The Planting Period of Double Cropping System |
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| Li Shuang,Hou Rui,Zhang Xiaojun,Zhang Xiaohong,Yue Fuliang,Li Wenjun,Xu Yongju,Liu Xing,Zhang Xiangqiong.Colored Peanut in Sichuan: The Planting Period of Double Cropping System[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2020,36(21):25-32. |
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| Authors: | Li Shuang Hou Rui Zhang Xiaojun Zhang Xiaohong Yue Fuliang Li Wenjun Xu Yongju Liu Xing Zhang Xiangqiong |
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| Institution: | The Industrial Crops Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610300 |
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| Abstract: | To solve the slow breeding of new peanut cultivars and short supply period of fresh peanut in Sichuan, we studied the feasibility of double cropping. Three colored peanut cultivars ‘Shuhua 1 (SH1)’, ‘Shucaihua 1(SCH1)’, ‘Shucaihua 2(SCH2)’ were used as materials to study the growth, development, yield-related characters and propagation coefficient of cultivars sown in different months in Renhe experimental base of western Panzhihua, Sichuan. The results showed that the cultivars achieved their maximum yield with different planting periods, but the difference of the planting periods was not significant. The planting period had a significant impact on growth and yield traits of all cultivars. There was a first increase then decrease tendency of emergence rate, mature strain height, single plant pod number and the propagation coefficient of cultivars sown from January to September, while the growth period had an opposite tendency. Due to the low temperature, no pod was produced by all the three cultivars sown from October to November. Further analysis showed that the single-season breeding coefficient of ‘SCH1’ sown in May was the highest. The weighted average calculation results showed that the annual reproduction coefficient of ‘SH1’ and ‘SCH2’ sown in March was the highest and that of ‘SCH1’ sowed in January was the highest, which were the best for double cropping. In conclusion, double cropping is feasible in western Panzhihua of Sichuan, especially for cultivars with short-growth period, and double cropping system can extend the supply period of fresh peanut, and provide the possibility for rapid propagation of new local peanut cultivars. |
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| Keywords: | Sichuan double cropping system colored peanut sowing date breeding coefficient |
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