| 不同种质长凝大蒜农艺性状及鳞茎品质综合评价比较研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵 乐,谭贝西,冯 忆,王恬恬,刘俊堂,王永辉.不同种质长凝大蒜农艺性状及鳞茎品质综合评价比较研究[J].陕西农业科学,2023,69(11):19-23. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵 乐 谭贝西 冯 忆 王恬恬 刘俊堂 王永辉 |
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| 作者单位： | （1.山西中医药大学 基础医学院，山西 晋中 030619；2.山西长祥凝科技开发有限公司，山西 晋中 030619） |
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| 基金项目： | 晋中市科技重点研发计划（农业）(Y212003)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]比较自留种长凝大蒜、平遥大蒜和武威大蒜等3个不同种源地大蒜的农艺性状和鳞茎综合品质，为筛选适宜在长凝区域种植的大蒜种质提供依据。方法]采用随机区组试验设计，对长凝大蒜(自留种)、平遥大蒜和武威大蒜进行田间试验，采集株高、假茎直径、鳞茎高、鳞茎直径、鳞茎单重等10项农艺性状，并检测成熟鳞茎中总糖、干物质、蛋白质、氨基酸、硒、锌、维生素C、大蒜素等营养成分含量，采用模糊评价隶属函数法对鳞茎综合品质进行比较评价。结果]平遥大蒜的株高、假茎直径、蒜苔长、单蒜苔质量、鳞茎高、鳞茎直径、鳞茎单重等7项农艺性状指标显著高于长凝大蒜和武威大蒜(P<0.05),相关性分析表明大蒜鳞茎单重与鳞茎高、鳞茎直径呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与株高呈显著性正相关(P<0.05);长凝大蒜、平遥大蒜和武威大蒜三者鳞茎中的总糖、干物质、锌、维生素C、氨基酸总量、大蒜素等营养成分含量差别不大，隶属函数综合评价结果表明平遥大蒜鳞茎综合品质最佳，长凝大蒜次之，武威大蒜第三。结论]平遥大蒜具有单位产量高、蒜头外观商品性状好、蒜头综合品质佳的特点，可以作为种植高品质长凝大蒜的优良种质材料。
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| 关 键 词： | 大蒜 种质材料 农艺性状 营养成分 综合评价 |
Comparative Study on Comprehensive Evaluation of Agronomic Traits and Bulb Quality of Different Germplasm Changning Garlic |
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| ZHAO Le,TAN Beixi,FENG Yi,WANG Tiantian,LIU Juntang,WANG Yonghui.Comparative Study on Comprehensive Evaluation of Agronomic Traits and Bulb Quality of Different Germplasm Changning Garlic[J].Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2023,69(11):19-23. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Le TAN Beixi FENG Yi WANG Tiantian LIU Juntang WANG Yonghui |
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| Abstract: | To analyze and compare the agronomic traits and bulb comprehensive quality of garlic from different provenances such as Changning garlic, Pingyao garlic and Wuwei garlic, the objective is to establish a foundation for selection and identification of garlic germplasm that is well-suited for cultivation in Changning area. A randomized block design was used to repeat three times, field experiments were conducted on Changning garlic (self-seeding), Pingyao garlic and Wuwei garlic. Ten agronomic traits such as plant height, pseudostem diameter, bulb height, bulb diameter and bulb weight were collected. The total sugar, dry matter, protein, amino acid, selenium, zinc, vitamin C, allicin and other nutrients contained in mature bulbs were detected. The comprehensive quality of bulbs was compared and evaluated by fuzzy evaluation membership function method. The result showed that the plant height, pseudostem diameter, garlic moss length, single garlic moss weight, bulb height, bulb diameter and bulb weight of Pingyao garlic were significantly higher than those of Changning garlic and Wuwei garlic(P<0.05 ). The correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between bulb weight and bulb height, bulb diameter (P<0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between bulb weight and plant height (P< 0.05).The contents of total sugar, dry matter, zinc, vitamin C, total amino acids, allicin and other nutritional components had little difference among Changning garlic, Pingyao garlic and Wuwei garlic. The comprehensive evaluation results of subordinate function showed that the comprehensive quality of Pingyao garlic bulb was the best, followed by Changning garlic and Wuwei garlic. In summary, Pingyao garlic has the characteristics of high yield per unit, good appearance and commodity traits of garlic, and good comprehensive quality of garlic. As a result,it can be used as an excellent germplasm material for planting high-quality Changning garlic. |
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