Temperature Before Cold Acclimation Affects Cold Tolerance and Photoacclimation in Timothy (Phleum pratense L.), Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and Red Clover (Trifolium pratense L.) |
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| Authors: | S Dalmannsdottir M Rapacz M Jørgensen L Østrem A Larsen R Rødven O A Rognli |
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| Institution: | 1. Bioforsk ‐ Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research, Holt, Troms?, Norway;2. Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, ?s, Norway;3. Department of Plant Physiology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland;4. Bioforsk ‐ Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research, Hellevik i Fjaler, Norway;5. Graminor Ltd., Torgg?rden, Bod?, Norway |
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| Abstract: | The expected temperature rise in late summer/early autumn can change the conditions for acclimation and affect the winter survival of perennial crops. This study examined the effect of the temperature just before the onset of cold acclimation (pre‐acclimation) on freezing tolerance of timothy (Phleum pratense L.), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) populations (both cultivars and breeding populations) adapted to either northern or southern parts of Norway. Using phytotron experiments, we studied whether increasing pre‐acclimation temperature delays growth cessation, affects photoacclimation and reduces freezing tolerance. Furthermore, we assessed whether these effects were related to the latitudinal adaptation of the plant material. The results showed that a rise in pre‐acclimation temperature decreased both cold acclimation capacity and photoacclimation in these species. This affected the freezing tolerance, which was reduced significantly more in northern‐adapted population of timothy and perennial ryegrass compared with southern‐adapted populations. Red clover was less affected by temperature changes than the grasses. |
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| Keywords: | chlorophyll fluorescence climate change cold acclimation freezing tolerance geographically adapted populations leaf elongation |
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