| 六畜考源 |
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| 引用本文： | 易华.六畜考源[J].古今农业,2012(3):18-30. |
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| 作者姓名： | 易华 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所,北京,100081 |
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| 摘 要： | 中国的六畜可以分为两组：猪、狗、鸡和马、牛、羊。猪、狗、鸡常见于新石器时代文化遗址,与定居农业生产方式相关;马、牛、羊多见于青铜时代文化遗址,与游牧生活方式有关。夏、商、周三代六畜逐渐齐备,表明东方定居农业文化与西来游牧文化的混合。猪是东亚新石器时代最重要的家畜,是定居农业文化的象征;马是游牧文化的标志,从青铜时代开始成为显贵的家畜。六畜概念始见于春秋战国时代文献,猪和马的相对重要性意味着定居农业文化和游牧文化的消长。本文系统考察了六畜渊源,并试图窥视中国民族文化的形成轨迹。
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| 关 键 词： | 六畜 猪 马 民族动物学 |
Introduction to Liuchu in Chinese Culture |
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| Yi Hua.Introduction to Liuchu in Chinese Culture[J].Ancient and Modern Agriculture,2012(3):18-30. |
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| Authors: | Yi Hua |
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| Institution: | Yi Hua(Institute of Ethnology & Anthropology,CASS,Beijing 100081) |
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| Abstract: | Liuchu(six domesticated animals) in China may be divided into two groups:pig,dog,chicken and horse,cattle,goat or sheep.Pig,dog and chicken are closely related to sedentary agriculture and were often discovered in Neolithic Age sites.Horse,cattle and goat or sheep are often discovered in Bronze Age sites and are related to pastoral nomadism.Pig,dog,chicken and horse,cattle,goat or sheep evolved together in Xia-Shang-Zhou dynasties which signified the mixture of indigenous sedentary agriculture and exotic pastoral nomadism.Pig was the most important domestic animal in East Asian Neolithic Age,which is the symbol of sedentary agriculture;horse was the symbol of pastoral nomadism and has become important since the Bronze Age.The concept of Liuchu began to appear in the literature of Spring-Autumn and Warring Stated Period.The relative importance of pig and horse means the shift of sedentary agriculture and pastoral nomadism.This paper tries to discover the formation of Chinese culture through the evolution of Liuchu. |
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| Keywords: | Liuchu Pig Horse Ethno-zoology |
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