| 模拟降雨条件下不同覆被减流减沙效益与侵蚀影响因子 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙佳美,余新晓,梁洪儒,常玉.模拟降雨条件下不同覆被减流减沙效益与侵蚀影响因子[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(2):46-51. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙佳美 余新晓 梁洪儒 常玉 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京林业大学水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京,100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金“基于稳定同位素的典型森林生态系统水、碳过程及其耦合机制研究”(41430747);国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项(20130430104) |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]研究不同坡度和降雨强度条件下,不同覆被的减流减沙效果,定量分析各侵蚀影响因子的权重。方法]采用室内人工模拟降雨的方法。结果](1)与裸地相比,枯落物、砾石和黑麦草均具有良好的减流减沙效果,枯落物的减流效果最好,减流效益最大为79.7%,平均减流效益46.1%。其次为黑麦草,最大减流效益68.9%。第三为砾石,最大减流效益68.0%。(2)黑麦草的减流效果存在临界盖度,其值在60%左右,当盖度大于60%后其减流效益不再增加。(3)减沙效益随着盖度的增加而增加,枯落物、砾石和草地最大减沙效益分别为98.8%,64.6%和88.1%。(4)经过灰色关联定量分析得出选取的8个影响因子与径流均有较高的关联性,关联度都在0.622 3以上。结论]不同试验条件和不同覆被对坡面产流产沙具有明显影响,降雨强度和降雨量是对泥沙量影响较大的因素,降雨强度、降雨量、覆被盖度和坡度是对径流量影响较大的4个因子,影响因子与径流和泥沙的关联度和关联序因土壤种类不同而存在差异。
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| 关 键 词： | 模拟降雨 产流 产沙 灰色关联 |
| 收稿时间： | 3/3/2014 12:00:00 AM |
| 修稿时间： | 2014/4/11 0:00:00 |
Reduction Benefits of Different Land Cover on Runoff-Sediment and Its Erosion Factors Under Simulated Rainfall |
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| SUN Jiamei,YU Xinxiao,LIANG Hongru and CHANG Yu.Reduction Benefits of Different Land Cover on Runoff-Sediment and Its Erosion Factors Under Simulated Rainfall[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,35(2):46-51. |
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| Authors: | SUN Jiamei YU Xinxiao LIANG Hongru and CHANG Yu |
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| Institution: | SUN Jiamei;YU Xinxiao;LIANG Hongru;CHANG Yu;Key Lab.of Soil & Water Conservation and Desertification Combating of Ministry of Education,Beijing Forestry University; |
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| Abstract: | Objective] To explore the effect of different rainfall intensity and slope gradient under the conditions of different cover on runoff and sediment reduction effect, and to quantitative determine the weight of erosion influence factors.Methods] Use the methods of artificial rainfall and gray correlation analysis.Results] (1) Compared with bare land, the slope with litter, gravel and ryegrass had a good effect on runoff and sediment reduction, reducing the flow of benefits to a maximum of 79.7%, the average current reducing benefits was 46.1%. Followed by ryegrass, with maximum flow reducing benefits of 68.9%. The third is gravel, with maximum flow reducing benefits of 68%. (2) Ryegrass flow reducing effect exists critical coverage, its value was in the 60% or so, when the coverage was more than 60% after the current reducing benefits, no longer increased. (3) Sediment reduction effect increased with the increase of coverage, the biggest sediment reduction effect of the litter, gravel and lawn were 98.8%, 64.6% and 88.1% respecitively. (4) Through gray correlation quantitative analysis on selected 8 influence factors and runoff had high correlation, correlation degree was more than 0.622 3.Conclusion] The different test conditions and different cover on runoff and sediment yield had significant effect, the rainfall intensity and rainfall is larger on the factors affecting sediment yield, rainfall intensity, rainfall, cover and slope were 4 factors which had greater influence on runoff, the influence of correlation degree and correlation factors and runoff and sediment sequence for different types of soil. |
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| Keywords: | simulated rainfall runoff sediment grey correlation |
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