Application of shallow water equations to analyze runoff processes in hilly farmlands |
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| Authors: | Kei Ishida Macarius Yangyuoru Koichi Unami Toshihiko Kawachi |
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| Institution: | (1) Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan;(2) Institute of Agricultural Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana;(3) Kitashirakawa-oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan; |
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| Abstract: | Analysis of runoff processes in farmlands during storm events in particular is an important engineering topic. The shallow
water equations describing the physical conservation laws are attractive tools for understanding motion of surface water.
A numerical model is developed to reproduce surface water flows during storm events, using the finite element method and the
finite volume method applied to the one-dimensional shallow water equations. The numerical model has the advantage of dealing
with transcritical flows, wet, and dry processes, irregular channel bed slopes, and channel junctions involving multiply connected
networks. Standard numerical tests demonstrated some of these features. Runoff processes from farmlands in a Japanese hilly
area is analyzed with the numerical model coupled with another runoff model of black-box type. Parameters of the models are
calibrated and validated using observed series of rainfall and runoff discharge data. Simulated results included submergence
of hydraulic jumps and flood storage in farming plots, which are very informative in terms of assessing diverse functions
of the farmlands. |
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