| 减量施氮对玉米-大豆套作系统土壤氮素氨化、硝化及固氮作用的影响 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 雍太文,陈平,刘小明,周丽,宋春,王小春,杨峰,刘卫国,杨文钰.减量施氮对玉米-大豆套作系统土壤氮素氨化、硝化及固氮作用的影响[J].作物学报,2018,44(10):1485-1495. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 雍太文 陈平 刘小明 周丽 宋春 王小春 杨峰 刘卫国 杨文钰 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1.四川农业大学农学院 / 农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室 / 四川省作物带状复合种植工程技术研究中心, 四川成都 6111302射洪县农业局, 四川遂宁 6292003宜宾市农业科学院, 四川宜宾 6440004四川农业大学环境学院, 四川成都 611130 |
| |
| 基金项目： | The study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0300202);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31271669);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31671625) |
| |
| 摘 要： | 土壤氮素氨化、硝化及固氮作用是影响作物氮素吸收及氮肥损失的主要因素, 为揭示氮肥减量下玉米-大豆套作系统的土壤氮素转化特性及排放规律, 利用大田定位试验研究了3种模式(玉米单作MM、大豆单作MS、玉米-大豆套作IMS)和3种施氮水平(不施氮NN: 0; 减量施氮RN: 180 kg hm -2; 常量施氮CN: 240 kg hm -2)对土壤硝化作用、氨化作用、固氮作用及氨挥发、N2O排放、NO3 --N累积的影响。结果表明, IMS较相应单作提高了土壤硝化和氨化作用, IMS的氨挥发损失率和N2O损失率较MM降低21.6%和29.7%; IMS下玉米土壤的NO3 --N积累量显著高于MM, 而大豆土壤的NO3 --N积累量显著低于MS。各施氮处理间, RN较CN降低了玉米土壤的氨化与硝化作用, 增加了大豆土壤的硝化和固氮作用。IMS下RN的玉米、大豆全生育期固氮作用较CN增加29.7%和32.0%, 年均氨挥发总量和N2O排放量较CN降低37.2%和41.0%。玉米-大豆套作系统在减量施氮下通过提高土壤氮素氨化、硝化与固氮作用, 减少氮素排放损失, 增强耕层土壤NO3 --N积累, 为作物氮素吸收提供了充足氮源。
|
| 关 键 词： | 玉米-大豆套作 减氮 土壤氮素循环 氮排放 氮残留 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-12-15 |
Effects of Reduced Nitrogen on Soil Ammonification,Nitrification, and Nitrogen Fixation in Maize-soybean Relay Intercropping Systems |
| |
| Tai-Wen YONG,Ping CHEN,Xiao-Ming LIU,Li ZHOU,Chun SONG,Xiao-Chun WANG,Feng YANG,Wei-Guo LIU,Wen-Yu YANG.Effects of Reduced Nitrogen on Soil Ammonification,Nitrification, and Nitrogen Fixation in Maize-soybean Relay Intercropping Systems[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2018,44(10):1485-1495. |
| |
| Authors: | Tai-Wen YONG Ping CHEN Xiao-Ming LIU Li ZHOU Chun SONG Xiao-Chun WANG Feng YANG Wei-Guo LIU Wen-Yu YANG |
| |
| Institution: | 1.College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture/ Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China2 Shehong Bureau of Agriculture, Suining 629200, Sichuan, China3 Yibin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yibin 644000, Sichuan, China4 College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China |
| |
| Abstract: | The ammonification, nitrification, and nitrogen fixation processes of soil are the main factors affecting nitrogen acquisition by plants and nitrogen loss in soil. A field experiment was conducted to reveal the characteristics of soil nitrogen transformation and emission with reduced nitrogen application in the maize-soybean relay intercropping. The effects of three planting patterns (MM: maize monoculture; MS: soybean monoculture; IMS: maize-soybean relay strip intercropping) and three nitrogen application rates (no nitrogen, NN: 0; reduced nitrogen, RN: reduced N 180 kg ha -1; conventional nitrogen, CN: conventional N 240 kg ha -1) on ammonification, nitrification, nitrogen fixation, N emission, and NO3 --N accumulation were assessed. The IMS enhanced soil nitrification and ammonification enhanced in IMS compared with the corresponding monocultures. The ammonia volatilization and N2O loss ratio were decreased by 21.6% and 29.7% in IMS compared with those in MM, respectively. Additionally, compared with the corresponding monocultures, IMS had significantly higher soil NO3 --N accumulation of maize, while that of soybean significantly lower. Under different N levels, the soil ammonification and nitrification of maize were decreased in RN compared with those in CN, and the soil nitrification and nitrogen fixation of soybean were increased in RN compared with those in CN. The total nitrogen fixation of maize and soybean in IMS was increased by 29.7% and 32.0% in RN compared with those in CN, respectively. In addition, the annual soil ammonia volatilization and N2O emission of IMS were decreased by 37.2% and 41.0% in RN compared with those in CN, respectively. In summary, the maize-soybean relay intercropping with reduced nitrogen can provide sufficient nitrogen for crops by strengthening soil ammonification, nitrification, nitrogen fixation, and increasing soil nitrogen residual and decreasing nitrogen emissions. |
| |
| Keywords: | maize-soybean relay intercropping reduced nitrogen nitrogen cycle nitrogen emission residual nitrogen |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 等数据库收录！ |
| 点击此处可从《作物学报》浏览原始摘要信息 |
| 点击此处可从《作物学报》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
