Biochemical markers for cabbage seedpod weevil (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Ceutorhynchus obstrictus</Emphasis> (Marsham)) resistance in canola (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Brassica napus</Emphasis> L.) |
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| Authors: | Eric J Shaw Ron S Fletcher Lloyd L Dosdall Laima S Kott |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada;(2) Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada |
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| Abstract: | In the last decade, the cabbage seedpod weevil (Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Marsham)) has become a major insect pest of canola (Brassica napus L.) in Canada reducing seed yields up to 35%. Therefore, the benefits of developing weevil resistant germplasm to canola
breeders and the industry would reduce input costs, pesticide use, environmental degradation and increase yield. Yellow mustard
(Sinapis alba L.) is resistant to C. obstrictus (CSPW), although the exact mechanism is not known (McCaffrey et al. 1999). A unique canola population was generated at the University of Guelph from a cross between B. napus and S. alba through embryo rescue and backcrossed to canola several times prior to double haploid (DH) production. Approximately one-half
of this DH population had canola quality glucosinolate concentration (<16 μmol/g) and was used for further breeding. The hypothesis
was that some DH progeny from this cross inherited resistance to CSPW from S. alba. Weevil infestation levels were assessed for the B. napus × S. alba BC2 and BC3 DH populations in the field over 7 years in Alberta where weevil pressure is strong to establish the resistant
or susceptible status of these lines. The basic objectives for this study were to confirm field resistance in the B. napus × S. alba germplasm in Ontario and to identify any biochemical markers associated with resistance/susceptibility. Canola doubled haploid
lines derived from BC2 or BC3 families were field screened for resistance (R) followed by chemical analysis of glucosinolates
to detect biochemical polymorphisms correlated with CSPW resistance using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Two
polymorphic peaks were found, one each, from extracts of upper cauline leaves and Stage 3 pod seed, with retention times of
~23 and 19 min, respectively. These HPLC peaks consistently correlated with larval infestation data and the peak differences
between R and S DH lines were significant. Therefore, these two peaks can be considered as biochemical markers in this breeding
germplasm and may play a role in rapid and early detection of CSPW resistance. |
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