Experimental harvesting of Mytilus galloprovincialis: Can an alien mussel support a small-scale fishery? |
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| Institution: | 1. Marine Biology Research Centre, Zoology Department, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X03, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa;2. Centre for Invasion Biology, Zoology Department, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X03, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa;1. Lynker Technologies. Under contract to the Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Montlake Blvd E., Seattle, WA 98112, USA;2. Office of the Science Director, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Montlake Blvd E., Seattle, WA 98112, USA;3. USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, 384 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA, USA;4. University of Victoria and Royal British Columbia Museum, Victoria, Canada;5. Fishery Resource Analysis and Monitoring Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 99 Pacific Street, Bldg. 255-A, Monterey, CA 97365, USA;1. Department of Criminal Justice, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, New York, NY, USA;2. Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA;3. Department of Criminal Justice, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA;1. Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Assam University, Silchar 788011, India;2. Plot 1244 Ibex Hill, Lusaka, Zambia;1. Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Protistology, Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;2. Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia |
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| Abstract: | In an effort to stimulate new fisheries and address historic imbalances in access to fishing rights, there has been a recent focus on the development of small-scale fisheries in South Africa. To assess the biological viability of a fishery for the alien mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, an experimental fishery operated by two impoverished coastal communities was initiated. Harvesting took place on a rotational basis at three sites, nested within four locations. At each of these 12 sites, 5 treatments were undertaken to span a spectrum of harvesting intensities (F = 0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 and a once-off total removal). A dynamic biomass-based fisheries model was developed to predict changes in exploited populations over time. Monthly maximum sustainable yield (MSY) estimates peaked at 1560 kg per 100 m of shore in March–April and September–October, but dropped by two orders of magnitude to 15 kg per 100 m of shore during the remainder of the year. The two peaks in MSY corresponded to the peak spawning periods of M. galloprovincialis along the South African west coast. Consequently, harvesting will only be viable if focused within two seasons spanning the peaks in MSY. Under these conditions, a range of harvesting intensities between F = 0.1 and 0.3 would permit long-term biological sustainability of a fishery. If implemented, this would represent the first instance of a marine invasive species being utilised to achieve socio-economic goals in South Africa. |
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